随着兴奋剂使用量的大幅增加,尤其是甲基苯丙胺,近年来,本研究旨在根据人格特质和自我效能感对甲基苯丙胺使用者进行聚类,比较他们的心理健康,睡眠质量,以及已识别集群中复发的风险。这项横断面研究是通过对克尔曼沙成瘾治疗中心的501名甲基苯丙胺使用者进行便利抽样,伊朗西部。使用Schwarzer一般自我效能感量表收集数据,祖克曼-库尔曼人格问卷,戈德堡和希勒综合健康问卷(GHQ),祖克曼-库尔曼人格问卷,和兴奋剂复发风险量表(SRRS)。共有501名甲基苯丙胺使用者被分为三个类别,频率为111人(22.2%),298(59.5%),92名(18.4%)成员通过层次聚类分析。第一组参与者的特点是自我效能低,高度神经质,寻求感觉,和侵略性,伴随着低外向性和活动性,低积极健康,高负面健康,睡眠质量低,和药物复发的高风险。第二组的参与者报告了中等水平的自我效能感,神经质,寻求感觉,活动,和侵略性,高外向,和中等程度的心理健康,睡眠质量,和复发的风险。此外,第三组的参与者报告了最高水平的自我效能感,神经质的最低水平,寻求感觉,和侵略性,适度外向和高活性,低复发风险,睡眠质量高,以及高阳性和低阴性健康症状。就上述因素而言,第三个集群与其他两个集群显着不同。这项研究的结果表明,低自我效能感和神经质的存在,寻求感觉,高攻击性会导致心理健康和睡眠质量下降,以及甲基苯丙胺使用者复发的风险增加。
With the substantial increase in the use of stimulants, especially methamphetamine, in recent years, the present study aimed to cluster methamphetamine users based on personality traits and self-efficacy, and compare their mental health, sleep quality, and the risk of relapse in the identified clusters. This cross-sectional study was conducted through convenience sampling on 501 methamphetamine users in addiction treatment centers in Kermanshah, western Iran. The data were collected using the Schwarzer General Self-Efficacy Scale, Zuckerman-Kuhlman Personality Questionnaire, Goldberg and Hiller General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), Zuckerman-Kuhlman Personality Questionnaire, and Stimulant Relapse Risk Scale (SRRS). A total of 501 methamphetamine users were distinguished into three clusters with frequencies of 111 (22.2%), 298 (59.5%), and 92 (18.4%) members through hierarchical cluster analysis. The participants in the first cluster were characterized by low self-efficacy, high neuroticism, sensation seeking, and aggressiveness, along with low extroversion and activity, low positive health, high negative health, low sleep quality, and high risk of drug relapse. The participants in the second cluster reported moderate levels of self-efficacy, neuroticism, sensation seeking, activity, and aggressiveness, high extroversion, and moderate levels of mental health, sleep quality, and the risk of relapse. Moreover, the participants in the third cluster reported the highest level of self-efficacy, the lowest level of neuroticism, sensation seeking, and aggressiveness, moderate extroversion and high activity, low relapse risk, high sleep quality, as well as high positive and low negative health symptoms. The third cluster was significantly different from the other two clusters in terms of the mentioned factors. The findings of this study suggest that low self-efficacy and the presence of neuroticism, sensation seeking, and high aggressiveness contribute to reduced mental health and sleep quality, as well as an increased risk of relapse in methamphetamine users.