背景:美式足球运动员(AFP)中的重复性创伤性脑损伤可导致神经退行性疾病慢性创伤性脑病(CTE)。CTE的临床症状范围从情绪和行为改变到认知障碍,抑郁症,和自杀。到目前为止,CTE无法在体内诊断,因此需要找到CTE的特定诊断参数。尽早观察和治疗暴露的运动员。CTE的有希望的基于血液的生物标志物包括总tau(ttau),高磷酸化tau(pTau),神经丝光蛋白(NF-L),胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP),淀粉样蛋白β40(Aβ40),淀粉样蛋白β42(Aβ42)和钙结合蛋白B(S100-B)。先前的研究发现,暴露于TBI的受试者中这些生物标志物的水平升高,而CTE受试者中Aβ40和Aβ42的脑脊液(CSF)水平降低。这里,我们调查了年轻的AFP在单个活动季节期间是否已经表现出这些候选生物标志物的变化.
方法:在整个赛季之前和之后,从n=18名美式足球运动员和n=18名年龄匹配的男性对照受试者中抽取血样。tau的血浆滴度,pTau,NF-L,GFAP,测定Aβ40、Aβ42和S100-B。此外,冷漠,抑郁症,和健康状况以及脑震荡病史和医疗护理进行了评估和分析相关性。
结果:这里我们展示,与健康对照组相比,所选的CTE候选生物标志物在美式足球的一个活跃赛季的七个月期间没有显着变化。但有趣的是,它们表现出通常升高的pTau滴度。此外,我们发现了抑郁症的相关性,生活质量,职业长度,参加培训和继续培训,脑震荡后头痛,滴度各异。
结论:我们的数据表明,CTE标记候选物的变化要么在美式足球的几个活跃季节中缓慢发生,要么仅在CSF中发现。然而,我们的结果强调了对这些候选生物标志物进行长期评估的重要性,这可能是可能的,通过重复的血液生物标志物监测暴露在未来的运动员。
BACKGROUND: Repetitive traumatic brain injuries in American football players (AFPs) can lead to the neurodegenerative disease chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). Clinical symptoms of CTE range from mood and behavioral changes to cognitive impairment, depression, and suicidality. So far, CTE cannot be diagnosed in vivo and thus specific diagnostic parameters for CTE need to be found, to observe and treat exposed athletes as early as possible. Promising blood-based biomarkers for CTE include total tau (tTau), hyperphosphorylated tau (pTau), neurofilament light protein (NF-L), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), amyloid-β40 (Aβ40), amyloid-β42 (Aβ42) and calcium-binding protein B (S100-B). Previous studies have found elevated levels of these biomarkers in subjects exposed to TBIs, whereas cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of Aβ40 and Aβ42 were decreased in CTE subjects. Here, we investigated whether young AFPs already exhibit changes of these biomarker candidates during the course of a single active season.
METHODS: Blood samples were drawn from n = 18 American Football Players before and after a full season and n = 18 male age-matched control subjects. The plasma titers of tTau, pTau, NF-L, GFAP, Aβ40, Aβ42 and S100-B were determined. Additionally, Apathy, Depression, and Health status as well as the concussion history and medical care were assessed and analyzed for correlations.
RESULTS: Here we show, that the selected biomarker candidates for CTE do not change significantly during the seven-month period of a single active season of American Football in blood samples of AFPs compared to healthy controls. But interestingly, they exhibit generally elevated pTau titers. Furthermore, we found correlations of depression, quality-of-life, career length, training participation and training continuation with headache after concussion with various titers.
CONCLUSIONS: Our data indicates, that changes of CTE marker candidates either occur slowly over several active seasons of American Football or are exclusively found in CSF. Nevertheless, our results underline the importance of a long-term assessment of these biomarker candidates, which might be possible through repeated blood biomarker monitoring in exposed athletes in the future.