Air and surfaces in the hospital environment are a potential source of exposure to filamentous fungi (FF) that could cause invasive fungal diseases (IFD) in severely immunocompromised patients. The prevalent FF in IFD are species from the genera Aspergillus, Fusarium, Scedosporium, and those within the order Mucorales. We have compiled regulations and described the procedures used in the clinical mycology laboratory to assess the presence of FF in areas at risk for the development of IFD. The infection control committees of each establishment implement hospital policies to regulate and control processes aimed at preventing infections. Fungal load monitoring is an important step in this process to validate air quality in order to ensure a clean and protected environment for severely immunocompromised patients.

Facing the severity of the impact of climate change and environmental degradation on human health, 32 Internal Medicine societies, colleges, and associations of 29 Spanish and Portuguese-speaking countries issue a consensus document in which they call for the implication of doctors and all health professionals in the global fight against the causes of these changes. This commitment requires the cooperation of health-related organizations, elaboration and implementation of good environmental sustainability practices, greater awareness of professionals and population, promotion of education and research in this area, increasing climate resilience and environmental sustainability of health systems, combating inequalities and protecting the most vulnerable populations, adopting behaviors that protect the environment, and claiming Internal Medicine as a core specialty for empowerment of the health system to respond to these challenges.

BACKGROUND: One of the most important moments in a doctor\'s life occurs when they do a medical residency. This period imposes stress and academic demands, which, together with the educational environment, allows for greater or lesser mental wellbeing. The objective of this study was to determine how the educational environment and mental wellbeing of medical residents are related.
METHODS: Analytical cross-sectional study, in residents of clinical-surgical specialties. The educational environment was assessed using the Postgraduate Hospital Educational Environment Measure (PHEEM), and mental wellbeing was assessed with the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (WEMWBS). Pearson\'s linear correlation was determined. Informed consent and approval by the university ethics committee were obtained.
RESULTS: The study population comprised 131 students, 43.8% male, with a median age of 28 years (interquartile range 4). In total, 87.9% of residents answered the survey. Of these, 65.9% were doing medical residencies and 34.1% surgical residencies. The mean PHEEM score was 107.96 ± 18.88, the positive emotions subscale was 29.32 ± 5.18 and positive functioning 23.61 ± 3.57, with a mean total mental wellbeing of 52.96 ± 8.44. A positive and moderate correlation was found between the total PHEEM score and each of the two mental wellbeing subscales (p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: A positive correlation was found between a better perception of the educational environment and mental wellbeing by residents of clinical and surgical specialties with greater mental wellbeing.

In this paper the author explores some of the issues raised by the practice of online analysis. In particular, he emphasizes the difference between the setting and the frame and proposes a theoretical approach of the latter as emerging within the transferential dynamic.
Dans cet article, l\'auteur explore certaines des questions soulevées par la pratique de l\'analyse en ligne. En particulier, il souligne la différence entre le dispositif et le cadre et propose une approche théorique de ce dernier comme émergeant au sein de la dynamique transférentielle.
In diesem Beitrag untersucht der Autor einige der Probleme, die durch die Praxis der Onlineanalyse aufgeworfen werden. Insbesondere betont er den Unterschied zwischen dem Setting und dem Rahmen und schlägt einen theoretischen Ansatz für letzteren vor, der innerhalb der Übertragungsdynamik entsteht.
In questo articolo l’Autore esplora alcune delle questioni sollevate dalla pratica dell’analisi online. In particolare sottolinea la differenza tra l’ambiente e la cornice e propone un approccio teorico di quest’ultimo come emergente all’interno della dinamica transferale.
В этой статье автор рассматривает некоторые вопросы в связи с практикой онлайн-анализа. В частности, он подчеркивает различие между сеттингом и рамкой и предлагает теоретический подход, рассматривающий последнее как явление, возникающее в динамике переноса.
En este artículo, el autor explora algunas de las cuestiones que plantea la práctica del análisis virtual. En particular, hace hincapié en la diferencia entre el encuadre y el marco y propone un enfoque teórico de este último como emergente dentro de la dinámica transferencial.
在线分析的实践所遇到的一些问题 在本文中, 作者探讨了在线分析的实践所遇到的一些问题。特别是, 他强调了设置和架构之间的区别, 并提出了一种理论方法, 即后者是在移情动力中的涌现。.

The continuing dialogue within analytical psychology regarding the relationship to Jung\'s \"collective unconscious\" and biological research calls for a more sophisticated treatment of terminology that is consilient with modern neurogenetics. This essay explores how fully understanding the way genome and environment interact can help us parse out clinical material, enabling us to judge what expressions are repeats of early experiences vs. what are innately driven re-organizations of experience.
Le dialogue qui se poursuit dans la psychologie analytique au sujet de la relation entre ‘l’inconscient collectif’ de Jung et la recherche en biologie appelle à un traitement plus sophistiqué de la terminologie qui soit consilient avec la neurogénétique moderne. Cet article explore comment une pleine compréhension de la manière dont le génome et l’environnement interagissent peut nous aider à analyser le matériel clinique, nous rendant capables de juger quelles expressions sont des répétitions d’expériences précoces et lesquelles sont par contre des réorganisations de l’expérience résultant de l’inné.
Der anhaltende Dialog innerhalb der analytischen Psychologie über die Beziehung zu Jungs ‘kollektivem Unbewußten’ und der biologischen Forschung erfordert eine differenziertere Behandlung der Terminologie, die mit der modernen Neurogenetik vereinbar ist. Dieser Aufsatz untersucht, wie ein vollständiges Verständnis der Wechselwirkung von Genom und Umwelt uns dabei helfen kann, klinisches Material zu analysieren und zu beurteilen, was Ausdruck von Wiederholungen früher Erfahrungen ist und was angeborene Reorganisationen von Erfahrungen.
Il dialogo continuo all’interno della psicologia analitica riguardo alla relazione con l’‘inconscio collettivo’ di Jung e la ricerca in biologia richiede un trattamento più accurato della terminologia che sia adeguato alla moderna neurogenetica. Questo saggio esplora come una comprensione più ampia del modo in cui il genoma e l’ambiente interagiscono può aiutarci ad analizzare il materiale clinico, consentendoci di valutare quali espressioni sono ripetizioni di esperienze precoci rispetto a quali sono riorganizzazioni innate dell’esperienza.
Продолжающееся в аналитической психологии обсуждение связи между «коллективным бессознательным» Юнга и биологическими исследованиями требует более осмысленного обращения с терминологией, относящейся к современной нейрогенетике. В данной статье рассматривается, как глубокое понимание механизмов взаимодействия генома со средой может помочь нам в анализе клинического материала и разделении симптоматики, относящейся к повторению раннего опыта, и той, что вызвана внутренней реорганизацией опыта.
El diálogo continuo, al interior de la psicología analítica, acerca de la relación del inconsciente colectivo de Jung y la investigación biológica demanda un tratamiento más sofisticado de la terminología, concordante con la neurogenética moderna. El presente ensayo explora como la plena comprensión del modo en que el genoma y el entorno interactúan puede ayudarnos a analizar el material clínico, permitiéndonos juzgar que expresiones son repeticiones de experiencias tempranas y cuales son reorganizaciones de la experiencia motivadas de manera innata.
原型及临床应用:基因组如何对经验作出反应 在分析心理学内持续存在着关于荣格的 \"集体无意识 \"和生物学研究的关系的对话, 这要求我们对术语进行更精细的处理, 以使这些术语可以与现代的神经遗传学保持一致。这篇文章探讨了, 对基因组和环境互动的方式的充分理解如何可以帮助我们更好地解析临床的材料, 使我们能够判断哪些表达是早期经验的重复, 哪些是先天驱动的重组的经验。.

To describe the objectives, the methodological approach, the response rate of the Genetic, Environmental and Life-style Factors Study in Castilla y León (Spain).
The Health Sentinel Network studied a sample of long-lived individuals aged 95 or more (LLI). The study included biological samples processed with the Global Screening Array v3.0 that contains a total of 730,059 markers. Written consent was obtained before the examination.
The LLI contacted were 944, and 760 were completed studied. The 87.4% of LLI were born in Castile and Leon and only 1% were non-native of Spain. Severe cognitive impairment was declared in 8.1% of men and 19.2% of women. Genotyping was performed in 739 LLI, the 78.3% of the contacted sample. Family doctors and nurses achieve high participation in population-based studies. DNA samples were taken from 94% of fully studied LLI, and 100% of these samples where successfully genotyped.

The aim of this work was to evaluate the hygienic-sanitary conditions of butcher shops in Tandil, Buenos Aires Province, by estimating the risk based on good manufacturing and hygiene practices, through surveys of the establishments. The analysis was performed using a scale of 1-100, and classifying them as high risk (0-40), moderate risk (41-70) or low risk (71-100). The presence of Salmonella spp., Staphylococcus aureus and Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) from both, ground beef and environmental samples such as countertop, cleaver, mincer and butcher\'s hands, taken at butcher shops was also evaluated. Sampling was performed only once and immediately refrigerated and transported to the laboratory for analysis. All butcher shops evaluated (100) were classified as \"low risk\" with good hygienic-sanitary conditions. However, 75% of the ground beef samples analyzed did not meet at least one of the microbiological criteria established in the Código Alimentario Argentino [Argentine Food Code], article 255. We propose to establish a strategy to identify deviations and implement a plan for continuous improvement in butcher shops of Tandil city.

BACKGROUND: Spain is the European leader in overweight (O-W), partly to the social and environmental changes of the last decades. The objective of the work was to study the modifiable risk factors that lead to O-W.
METHODS: A self-designed questionnaire with factors related to childhood obesity was produced, and was administered to the parents of adolescents who were attending first year of high school in four centres in Health Area V in Murcia. Weight, height, abdominal circumference and Waist-Height Index (WHI) of the students were measured, and classified as overweight-obesity. A reduction technique was applied, generating factors that grouped the items according to subject, as well as a multivalent technique to assess the dependency relationship between the variables, and the SB-OI.
RESULTS: Of the 421 students included, 28% and 35% had excess weight and abdominal obesity, respectively. The factor analysis grouped the items into 4 factors: diet, physical activity, technologies, and environment, with a subsection about body perception. The structural equation model presented an R2 of 0.440. The highest relationship was obtained with the environment factor (t 2.89), and perception (t 14.61), followed by the use of technologies. A direct relationship was also revealed regarding diet and physical activity, although not significant.
CONCLUSIONS: Family perception and the social-school environment have an important influence on the development of the O-W. Health education interventions involving parents and teachers are probably the smartest and most cost-effective strategies.

The COVID-19 pandemic has had an enormous impact on almost all aspects of human society and endeavor; the natural world and its conservation have not been spared. Through a process of expert consultation, we identified and categorized, into 19 themes and 70 subthemes, the ways in which biodiversity and its conservation have been or could be affected by the pandemic globally. Nearly 60% of the effects have been broadly negative. Subsequently, we created a compendium of all themes and subthemes, each with explanatory text, and in August 2020 a diverse group of experienced conservationists with expertise from across sectors and geographies assessed each subtheme for its likely impact on biodiversity conservation globally. The 9 subthemes ranked highest all have a negative impact. These were, in rank order, governments sidelining the environment during their economic recovery, reduced wildlife-based tourism income, increased habitat destruction, reduced government funding, increased plastic and other solid waste pollution, weakening of nature-friendly regulations and their enforcement, increased illegal harvest of wild animals, reduced philanthropy, and threats to survival of conservation organizations. In combination, these impacts present a worrying future of increased threats to biodiversity conservation but reduced capacity to counter them. The highest ranking positive impact, at 10, was the beneficial impact of wildlife-trade restrictions. More optimistically, among impacts ranked 11-20, 6 were positive and 4 were negative. We hope our assessment will draw attention to the impacts of the pandemic and, thus, improve the conservation community\'s ability to respond to such threats in the future.
La pandemia de COVID-19 ha tenido un impacto enorme sobre casi todos los aspectos de la sociedad humana y sus proyectos; el mundo natural y su conservación no han sido la excepción. Por medio de un proceso de consultas a expertos, identificamos y categorizamos en 19 temas y 70 subtemas las maneras en las que la biodiversidad y su conservación han sido o podrían ser afectadas mundialmente por la pandemia. Casi el 60% de los efectos han sido claramente negativos. Posteriormente, creamos un compendio de todos los temas y subtemas, cada uno con textos explicativos, para que en agosto de 2020 un grupo diverso de conservacionistas experimentados con conocimiento de todos los sectores y geografías evaluara cada subtema de acuerdo con su probabilidad de impactar sobre la conservación de la biodiversidad en todo el mundo. Los nueve subtemas con la clasificación más alta tienen un impacto negativo. Estos temas son, en orden de clasificación: los gobiernos dejando de lado al ambiente durante su recuperación económica, reducción de los ingresos basados en el turismo de fauna, incremento en la destrucción de hábitat, financiamiento reducido del gobierno, aumento de la contaminación por plásticos y otros desechos sólidos, debilitamiento de las regulaciones en pro de la naturaleza y su aplicación, incremento en la captura ilegal de animales, disminución de la filantropía y amenazas para la supervivencia de las organizaciones de conservación. La combinación de estos impactos representa un futuro preocupante lleno de amenazas para la conservación de la biodiversidad y una capacidad reducida para contrarrestarlas. El impacto positivo con la clasificación más alta, el 10, fue el impacto benéfico de las restricciones en el mercado de fauna. De manera más optimista, entre los impactos clasificados de los lugares del 11 al 20, seis fueron positivos y cuatro fueron negativos. Esperamos que nuestra evaluación enfoque la atención hacia los impactos de la pandemia y así mejore la habilidad de la comunidad conservacionista para responder a tales amenazas en el futuro. Importancia Relativa de los Impactos de la Pandemia de COVID-19 sobre la Conservación Mundial de la Biodiversidad.

BACKGROUND: One of the most important moments in a doctor\'s life occurs when they do a medical residency. This period imposes stress and academic demands, which, together with the educational environment, allows for greater or lesser mental wellbeing. The objective of this study was to determine how the educational environment and mental wellbeing of medical residents are related.
METHODS: Analytical cross-sectional study, in residents of clinical-surgical specialties. The educational environment was assessed using the Postgraduate Hospital Educational Environment Measure (PHEEM), and mental wellbeing was assessed with the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (WEMWBS). Pearson\'s linear correlation was determined. Informed consent and approval by the university ethics committee were obtained.
RESULTS: The study population comprised 131 students, 43.8% male, with a median age of 28 years (interquartile range 4). In total, 87.9% of residents answered the survey. Of these, 65.9% were doing medical residencies and 34.1% surgical residencies. The mean PHEEM score was 107.96±18.88, the positive emotions subscale was 29.32±5.18 and positive functioning 23.61±3.57, with a mean total mental wellbeing of 52.96±8.44. A positive and moderate correlation was found between the total PHEEM score and each of the two mental wellbeing subscales (p <0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: A positive correlation was found between a better perception of the educational environment and mental wellbeing by residents of clinical and surgical specialties with greater mental wellbeing.