气候变化继续对全球农业部门构成威胁,危害粮食和营养安全,是可持续发展议程的重要组成部分。因此,这项研究试图检查气候变量(二氧化碳排放,能源资源,降雨,温度,化石燃料消耗,和湿度)对水稻的农业生产,谷物,蔬菜,咖啡,以及马来西亚背景下的农业增加值(占GDP的百分比)。为此,这项研究对从马来西亚计量站获得的数据应用了广义矩量法(GMM)估计器,马来西亚统计局和1985-2016年期间的世界发展指标(WDI)。结果表明,温度和能源消耗对水稻和蔬菜生产有显著的负面影响,而降雨的负面影响,温度,化石燃料消耗,和湿度对谷物生产的影响是微不足道的。结果还证实,二氧化碳排放对咖啡生产有负面和显著的影响。同样,温度,能源消耗,化石燃料消费对农业增加值有显著的负面影响。这些观察结果证明了气候变化对马来西亚各种农产品的不利影响。因此,为了确保马来西亚强劲和可持续的农业产出,政策制定者和环保主义者应该共同努力,制定适当的适应战略。
Climate change continues to pose a threat to the agricultural sectors worldwide, jeopardizing food and nutritional security, which is a critical component of the sustainable development agenda. Consequently, this study attempts to examine the impact of climatic variables (CO2 emissions, energy resources, rainfall, temperature, fossil fuel consumption, and humidity) on agricultural production of rice, cereals, vegetables, coffee, and agriculture value added (as a percentage of GDP) in the Malaysian context. To this end, this study applied a generalized method of moments (GMM) estimator on the data obtained from the metrological station Malaysia, Department of Statistics Malaysia and World Development Indicators (WDI) spanning the period 1985-2016. The results revealed that temperature and energy consumption negatively and significantly affect rice and vegetable production, while the negative effect of rainfall, temperature, fossil fuel consumption, and humidity on cereal production is insignificant. The results also confirmed that CO2 emissions have a negative and significant impact on coffee production. Likewise, temperature, energy consumption, and fossil fuel consumption exhibit a negative and significant influence on agriculture value added. These observations evidenced the adverse effect of climate change on various agricultural products in Malaysia. Therefore, in order to ensure robust and sustainable agricultural output in Malaysia, policymakers as well as environmentalists should work together to formulate appropriate adaptation strategies.