背景:自杀从有自杀意念到计划和尝试。然而,并非所有有自杀念头的人都会着手计划或企图自杀。我们的研究调查了(i)有自杀意念的人中自杀计划和企图的患病率,以及(ii)他们与社会人口统计学特征的关联,精神障碍,不良儿童事件和先前的自杀行为。
方法:本横断面分析利用了2016年新加坡心理健康研究的数据。仅包括有自杀意念的受访者。总共检查了411人和365人,以分别确定自杀计划和企图的患病率。进行多变量逻辑回归以确定关联。
结果:计划自杀和企图自杀的患病率分别为17.7%和10.6%,>80.0%发生在自杀意念的一年内。在有情绪障碍的人中,自杀计划的可能性更大。对于目前已婚的人来说,自杀未遂的可能性更大,学历较低,焦虑症的病史,情感忽视和父母分离的历史。
结论:回忆偏见可能存在,因为各种精神障碍和自杀行为的发病年龄是自我报告的。由于自杀在进行研究时被定为犯罪,自杀行为的发生率可能被低估了.
结论:应及早发现有自杀计划和自杀企图风险的个体,因为他们中的大多数在一年内进展。研究结果表明,在自杀风险评估和干预中,包括先前的自杀行为以及家庭功能失调和情感虐待史的重要性。
Suicidality spans from having suicidal ideation to planning and making an attempt. However, not all individuals with suicidal thoughts will proceed to plan or attempt suicide. Our study investigated (i) the prevalence of suicide planning and attempt among those with suicidal ideation and (ii) their associations with sociodemographic characteristics, mental disorders, adverse childhood events and prior suicidal behaviour.
This cross-sectional analysis utilised data from Singapore Mental Health Study 2016. Only respondents with suicidal ideation were included. A total of 411 and 365 individuals were examined to establish the prevalence of suicide planning and attempt respectively. Multivariable logistic regressions were performed to determine associations.
The prevalence of suicide planning and attempt were 17.7 % and 10.6 % respectively, with >80.0 % occurring within a year of suicidal ideation. Suicide planning was more likely among those who had mood disorders. Suicide attempt was more likely for those were currently married, had lower educational qualifications, history of anxiety disorders, history of emotional neglect and parental separation.
Recall bias may be present because the age of onset for various mental disorders and suicidal behaviours were self-reported. As suicide was criminalised when the study was conducted, the prevalence of suicidal behaviours may have been underestimated.
Individuals at risk of suicide planning and attempt should be identified early since most of them progressed within a year. Findings suggest the importance of including prior suicide behaviour and history of dysfunctional family and emotional abuse in suicide risk assessment and intervention.