背景:不动杆菌(A.nocreminialis)是一种葡萄糖非发酵,属于钙乙酸-鲍曼不动杆菌复合物的革兰氏阴性杆菌。近年来,研究发现,医院内链球菌的临床患病率增加。然而,鉴于抗生素耐药性的增加趋势,开发新的抗菌剂至关重要。目前,关于噬菌体疗法对病菌的研究仅是有限的。
方法:两种A.从污水中分离出TCUAN1和TCUAN2。透射电子显微镜(TEM)等实验,主机范围分析,并进行测序以确定其生物学和基因组特征。进一步对TCUAN2进行体内实验,并克隆其衍生的内溶素并针对其细菌宿主进行测试。
结果:透射电镜显示,TCUAN1和TCUAN2属于Myoviridae和Podoviridae,分别。两种噬菌体均显示出宽的宿主谱和快速的吸附效率。进一步的生物学分析表明,与TCUAN1相比,TCUAN2具有更短的潜伏期和更大的脉冲串大小。因为TCUAN2显示出更好的抗菌活性,它被注射到感染了A.oconomialis的小鼠体内,导致血液中的细菌负荷水平显着降低,并增加了小鼠的存活率。最后,基因组分析显示,TCUAN1的完整核苷酸序列为49,691bps(包含75个开放阅读框),GC含量为39.3%;而TCUAN2的完整核苷酸序列为41,815bps(包含68个开放阅读框),GC含量为39.1%。当与螯合剂EDTA一起使用时,从TCUAN2克隆和纯化的细胞内溶素基因也显示出抗菌活性。
BACKGROUND: Acinetobacter nosocomialis (A. nosocomialis) is a glucose non-fermentative, gram-negative bacillus that belongs to the Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-baumannii complex. In recent years, studies have found an increased clinical prevalence of A. nosocomialis. However, given the increasing trend of antibiotic resistance, developing new antibacterial agents is vital. Currently, research regarding bacteriophage therapy against A. nosocomialis is only limited.
METHODS: Two A. nosocomialis bacteriophages, TCUAN1 and TCUAN2, were isolated from sewage. Experiments such as transmission electron microscopy (TEM), host-range analysis, and sequencing were performed to determine their biological and genomic characteristics. TCUAN2 were further subjected to in vivo experiments and their derived-endolysin were cloned and tested against their bacteria host.
RESULTS: Transmission electron microscopy revealed that TCUAN1 and TCUAN2 belong to Myoviridae and Podoviridae, respectively. Both phages show a broad host spectrum and rapid adsorption efficiency. Further biological analysis showed that TCUAN2 possesses a shorter latent period and larger burst size compared to TCUAN1. Because TCUAN2 showed a better antibacterial activity, it was injected into A. nosocomialis-infected mice which resulted in a significant decrease in bacterial load levels in the blood and increased the mice\'s survival. Finally, genomic analysis revealed that the complete nucleotide sequence of TCUAN1 is 49, 691 bps (containing 75 open reading frames) with a G + C content of 39.3%; whereas the complete nucleotide sequence of TCUAN2 is 41, 815 bps (containing 68 open reading frames) with a G + C content of 39.1%. The endolysin gene cloned and purified from TCUAN2 also showed antibacterial activity when used with a chelator EDTA.