本文包括对煤矿废物处理的生态毒理学有效性的评估。处理包括基于螺旋中的重量浓度分离颗粒,产生三个部分:重,中间,光,高,中度,低黄铁矿含量,分别。中间部分代表废物在土壤上的较大处置量。为了评估治疗的有效性,金属测定和生物测定Eiseniaandrei,念珠菌,Lactucasativa,水蚤,将Raphidocelissubcapitata应用于中介分数。为了评估对水生生物的毒性,从未加工的废物和中间部分产生淘析物。与未处理的废物相比,中间部分显示金属浓度降低。中间部分的金属浓度低于巴西的土壤质量阈值。避免用E.andrei进行生物测定和水稻发芽试验没有显着影响。用假丝酵母进行的生物测定表明,在使用的最高剂量(24%和50%)下,繁殖显着减少。使用D.similis和R.subcapitata进行的生物测定显示,与未处理的废物相比,中间馏分的毒性降低。然而,中间部分对水生生物的毒性水平仍然需要注意,尤其是在对毒性起关键作用的酸碱度方面。最后,结果表明,对煤废料进行的处理是有效的,即使在处理过的废物中仍然检测到显著的毒性,并且仍然需要额外的步骤来进行充分的最终处置。
This paper consists of the evaluation in regards to the ecotoxicological effectiveness of a treatment applied to a coal mining waste. The treatment consisted of separating the particles based on gravimetric concentration in spirals, generating three fractions: heavy, intermediate, and light, with high, moderate, and low pyrite content, respectively. The intermediate fraction represents the larger disposal volume of the waste on soils. To evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment, metal determination and bioassays Eisenia andrei, Folsomia candida, Lactuca sativa, Daphnia similis, and Raphidocelis subcapitata were applied to the intermediary fraction. To evaluate the toxicity to aquatic organisms, elutriates were generated from the unprocessed waste and the intermediate fraction. The intermediate fraction showed a decrease of metal concentrations compared to the untreated waste. Metal concentrations in the intermediate fraction were below the Brazilian thresholds for soil quality. Avoidance bioassay with E. andrei and germination tests of L. sativa showed no significant effects. The bioassay with F. candida indicated a significant reduction in reproduction at the highest doses used (24% and 50%). Bioassays with D. similis and R. subcapitata revealed a reduction in toxicity of the intermediate fraction compared to the untreated waste. However, the toxicity levels of the intermediate fraction to aquatic organisms still require attention, especially in regards to pH that played a crucial role in the toxicity. Finally, the results suggest that the treatment performed on the coal waste was efficient, even though significant toxicity have still been detected in the treated waste and additional steps are still required for adequate final disposal.