对牛膝根的植物化学研究导致了16种化合物的分离,其中包括3种新化合物(1-3)。它们的化学结构被确定为齐墩果酸28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷-3-O-[β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(1→3)-β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷)(1),甲基(8Z,11Z)-5,6,7-三羟基十四烷-8,11-二烯酸酯(2),甲基(6E,11Z)-5,8,9-三羟基十四碳-6,11-二烯酸(3),牛黄酸(4),(9E,11E)-13-氧代十八碳-9,11-二烯酸(5),(9Z,11E,15Z)-13-羟基十八-9,11,15-三烯酸(6),齐墩果酸28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖基-(1→4)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(7),齐墩果酸28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(1→2)-[α-L-鼠李糖基-(1→3)]-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(8),齐墩果酸3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(1→2)-[α-L-鼠李糖基-(1→3)]-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(9),齐墩果酸3-O-α-L-鼠李糖基-(1→3)-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸吡喃糖苷(10),布丁醇C葡糖苷(11),柑橘苷A(12),6S,9S-玫瑰花苷(13),人参皂苷Rg1(14),20-羟基蜕皮激素(15),和苄基α-L-鼠李糖基-(1→6)]-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(16)通过光谱分析。化合物1,7和11-16抑制LPS激活的RAW264.7细胞中NO的产生,IC50值在28.03至54.23µM的范围内(阳性对照,L-NMMA:IC50=35.52µM)。化合物14和15显示抗α-葡萄糖苷酶活性,IC50值为176.24和156.92μM,分别,与阳性对照相比,阿卡波糖,IC50=160.99μM。
Phytochemical study on the roots of Achyranthes bidentata Blume led to the isolation of sixteen compounds including three new ones (1-3). Their chemical structures were determined as oleanolic acid 28-O-β-D-glucopyranoside-3-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-D-galactopyranoside) (1), methyl (8Z,11Z)-5,6,7-trihydroxytetradeca-8,11-dienoate (2), methyl (6E,11Z)-5,8,9-trihydroxytetradeca-6,11-dienoate (3), fulgidic acid (4), (9E,11E)-13-oxooctadeca-9,11-dienoic acid (5), (9Z,11E,15Z)-13-hydroxyoctadeca-9,11,15-trienoic acid (6), oleanolic acid 28-O-β-D-glucopyranoside-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-glucuronopyranoside (7), oleanolic acid 28-O-β-D-glucopyranoside-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→3)]-β-D-glucuronopyranoside (8), oleanolic acid 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→3)]-β-D-glucuronopyranoside (9), oleanolic acid 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-D-glucuronopyranoside (10), blumenol C glucoside (11), citroside A (12), 6S,9S-roseoside (13), ginsenoside Rg1 (14), 20-hydroxyecdysone (15), and benzyl α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)]-β-D-glucopyranoside (16) by spectroscopic analysis. Compounds 1, 7 and 11-16 inhibited NO production in LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells with IC50 values in the range from 28.03 to 54.23 µM (positive control, L-NMMA: IC50 = 35.52 µM). Compounds 14 and 15 showed anti α-glucosidase activity with IC50 values of 176.24 and 156.92 µM, respectively, compared with the positive control, acarbose, IC50 = 160.99 μM.