目的:牛膝(A.bidentata)是a科植物,它的根是主要的药用部分,名为“怀-牛-希。“它被用来通过月经排出血瘀,补肝和肾,加强肌肉和骨骼,并诱导利尿。这篇综述旨在对植物学进行系统的总结,传统用途,植物化学,药理学,和A.bidentata的毒理学。
方法:本综述包括文献调查。这些数据是从各种期刊收集的,书籍,以及一些通过基于互联网的信息进行的电子搜索,例如WebofScience,PubMed,谷歌学者,谷歌专利,CNKI,SpringerLink,在线电子期刊,和科学直接。
结果:到目前为止,已从A.bidentata中分离出270多种代谢物,包括萜类化合物,类固醇,生物碱,黄酮类化合物,等等。其中,萜类和类固醇是主要的代谢产物。提取物和代谢物发挥多种药理活性,如缓解骨关节炎的作用,抗骨质疏松活性,神经保护作用,抗糖尿病活性相关并发症,免疫调节活性,等等。
结论:A.bidentata的一些传统用途需要进一步深入研究才能确认。同样,活性化合物的分离和筛选,以及化合物相应的分子作用机制,也需要研究。
OBJECTIVE: Achyranthes bidentata Blume (A. bidentata) is a plant of Amaranthaceae family, and its root is the main medicinal part, named \"Huai-Niu-Xi.\" It is used to expel blood stasis through menstruation, tonify liver and kidney, strengthen muscles and bones, and induce diuresis. This review aimed to provide a systematic summary of botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology of A. bidentata.
METHODS: The present review covers the literature survey. The data have been collected from various journals, books, and some of the electronic search via Internet-based information such as Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar, Google patents, CNKI, SpringerLink, online electronic journals, and ScienceDirect.
RESULTS: So far, more than 270 metabolites have been isolated from A. bidentata, including terpenoids, steroids, alkaloids, flavonoids, and so on. Among them, terpenoids and steroids are the main metabolites. The extract and metabolites exert multiple pharmacological activities such as alleviating osteoarthritis effect, antiosteoporosis activity, neuroprotective effect, antidiabetic activity-associated complications, immunoregulatory activity, and so on.
CONCLUSIONS: Some traditional uses of A. bidentata need further in-depth studies to confirm. Similarly, the separation and screening of active compounds, as well as the corresponding molecular mechanisms of action of compounds, are also needed to be studied.