许多因醉酒驾驶而被定罪的人患有酒精使用障碍,一些交通违法者出于中毒目的而食用变性酒精。通过顶空气相色谱(HS-GC)使用三种不同的固定相,一式三份分析了因酒精影响而被捕的人的静脉血样。该分析的气相色谱图有时显示出保留时间对应于丙酮的峰,乙基甲基酮(2-丁酮),2-丙醇,和2-丁醇以及乙醇和内标(1-丙醇)。进一步的调查显示,这些酒后驾车嫌疑人曾出于中毒目的饮用工业酒精(T-Red),其中含有>90%w/v乙醇,丙酮(~2%w/v),2-丁酮(〜5%w/v)以及Bitrex赋予苦味。在n=75的T-Red饮酒者的血液样本中,乙醇的中值浓度,丙酮,2-丁酮,2-丙醇和2-丁醇为2050mg/L(2.05g/L),97mg/L,48mg/L,26mg/L和20mg/L,分别。在单独的GC分析中,在含有2-丁酮的血液样品中鉴定出2,3-丁二醇(中值浓度87mg/L)。当肝脏的氧化还原状态转变为更降低的电位(过量NADH)时,发生在乙醇代谢过程中,这有利于通过醇脱氢酶(ADH)途径将低分子酮还原为仲醇。对被捕司机的血液样本进行常规毒理学分析,使我们有机会研究丙酮和2-丁酮的代谢,而无需将这些物质施用于人类志愿者。
Many people convicted for drunken driving suffer from an alcohol use disorder and some traffic offenders consume denatured alcohol for intoxication purposes. Venous blood samples from people arrested for driving under the influence of alcohol were analyzed in triplicate by headspace gas chromatography (HS-GC) using three different stationary phases. The gas chromatograms from this analysis sometimes showed peaks with retention times corresponding to
acetone, ethyl methyl ketone (2-butanone), 2-propanol, and 2-butanol in addition to ethanol and the internal standard (1-propanol). Further investigations showed that these drink-driving suspects had consumed an industrial alcohol (T-Red) for intoxication purposes, which contained > 90% w/v ethanol,
acetone (~ 2% w/v), 2-butanone (~ 5% w/v) as well as Bitrex to impart a bitter taste. In n = 75 blood samples from drinkers of T-Red, median concentrations of ethanol,
acetone, 2-butanone, 2-propanol and 2-butanol were 2050 mg/L (2.05 g/L), 97 mg/L, 48 mg/L, 26 mg/L and 20 mg/L, respectively. In a separate GC analysis, 2,3-butanediol (median concentration 87 mg/L) was identified in blood samples containing 2-butanone. When the redox state of the liver is shifted to a more reduced potential (excess NADH), which occurs during metabolism of ethanol, this favors the reduction of low molecular ketones into secondary alcohols via the alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) pathway. Routine toxicological analysis of blood samples from apprehended drivers gave the opportunity to study metabolism of
acetone and 2-butanone without having to administer these substances to human volunteers.