背景:迫切需要多元化的学术领导者,以增加医疗劳动力的数量和多样性。医师助理/助理(PA)是一个不断发展的医学专业。虽然硕士学位是PA的终端学位,越来越多的PA获得各种博士学位。然而,没有对学术PA领导者的标准化培训。这项研究的目的是确定与PA学术领导力相关的因素。具体来说,这项研究探讨了以下因素:博士学位证书,性别和代表性不足的少数民族地位。
方法:使用2019年医师助理教育协会教职员工和董事调查,我们评估了学术领导小组之间的关系[项目主任(PD),学术主任(AD),和临床主任(CD)]博士学位,性别,和代表性不足的少数族裔在医学(URIM)地位。使用多变量逻辑回归模型来确定担任领导角色的预测因素。p<0.05的结果被认为具有统计学意义。
结果:在956名参与者中,71%是女性,4%的西班牙裔,86%白色4%黑色,2%亚洲人,和1%夏威夷原住民/太平洋岛民/美洲印第安人/阿拉斯加原住民。总的来说,9%是URIM。平均年龄为45.6(SD=10.2)岁。PA教育的平均时间为2.9年(SD=1.4)。大约50%(n=472)有领导作用(PD-24%,AD-10%,CD-16%)。在所有领导人中,68%是女性,9%是URIM,19%拥有博士学位。拥有博士学位增加了成为PD的几率[AOR2.38,CI[1.57-3.59],p=<0.0001,AD和CD=无显著性]。更多的PA教育时间增加了成为PD[AOR1.10,CI[1.07-1.12,p=<0.0001]和AD[AOR1.06,CI[1.03-1.09],p=<0.0001],但不是CD。性别和URIM地位与领导角色没有显着相关。URIM的博士学位比例高于非URIM。
结论:PA学术领导者的博士学位学历不同,但性别和URIM地位不同。URIM教师在PA教授中的代表性严重不足,但不成比例的拥有博士学位。需要为所有PA学术领导者提供学术培训机会,并制定增加URIM教师的策略。
BACKGROUND: There is a critical need for a diverse pool of academic leaders to increase the number and diversity of the medical workforce. Physician Assistant/Associate (PA) is a growing medical profession. Although the master\'s degree is the terminal degree for PAs, a growing number of PAs obtain a variety of doctoral degrees. However, there is no standardized training for academic PA leaders. The purpose of this study was to identify factors associated with PA academic leadership. Specifically, this study explored the following factors: doctoral degree credentials, gender and underrepresented minority status.
METHODS: Using the 2019 Physician Assistant Education Association Faculty and Directors survey, we assessed the relationship between academic leadership groups [Program Director (PD), Academic Director (AD), and Clinical Director (CD)] doctoral degree, gender, and underrepresented minority in medicine (URIM) status. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to determine the predictors of being in a leadership role. Results with p < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
RESULTS: Of the 956 participants, 71% were female, 4% Hispanic, 86% White, 4% Black, 2% Asian, and 1% Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander/American Indian/Alaska Native. Overall, 9% were URIM. Mean age was 45.6 (SD = 10.2) years. Average time in PA education was 2.9 years (SD = 1.4). Approximately 50% (n = 472) had a leadership role (PD-24%, AD-10%, CD-16%). Of all leaders, 68% were female, 9% were URIM, and 19% had a doctoral degree. Having a doctoral degree increased the odds of being a PD [AOR 2.38, CI [1.57-3.59], p = < 0.0001, AD and CD = non-significant]. More time in PA education increased the odds of being a PD [AOR 1.10, CI [1.07-1.12, p = < 0.0001] and AD [AOR 1.06, CI [1.03-1.09], p = < 0.0001], but not a CD. Gender and URIM status were not significantly associated with leadership roles. URIMs had doctorate degrees at higher rates than non-URIMs.
CONCLUSIONS: PA academic leaders differ by doctoral degree attainment but not by gender and URIM status. URIM faculty are grossly underrepresented in the PA professorate, but disproportionately have doctoral degrees. Academic training opportunities for all PA academic leaders and strategies to increase URIM faculty are needed.