背景:土壤盐渍化严重阻碍了土壤的生长,产量,以及全世界农作物的质量。解决此问题的最有效策略是a)开发具有高耐盐性的作物品种和b)种植耐盐性作物。膨胀甘草,具有耐盐性和经济价值的传统中药和原始植物,是改善盐碱荒地的最有希望的作物之一。然而,G.inflata对盐度胁迫的适应性反应的潜在分子机制仍然未知。
结果:G.炎症在根中保留了高浓度的Na+,并保持了K+的吸收,Ca2+,和Mg2+在150mMNaCl诱导的盐胁迫下。在盐胁迫的不同时间点(0min,30分钟,和24小时)进行,这导致了70.77Gb的干净数据。与对照相比,我们在盐胁迫诱导后30分钟和24小时检测到2645和574个差异表达基因(DEG),分别。基因本体论(GO)和京都基因和基因组百科全书(KEGG)途径分析显示,30分钟和24小时后,G.inflata对盐胁迫的反应显着不同。在盐胁迫诱导后30分钟差异表达的基因在信号转导中富集,次生代谢产物合成,和离子传输。然而,在盐胁迫诱导后24小时差异表达的基因富集在苯丙烷生物合成和代谢中,脂肪酸代谢,甘油代谢,激素信号转导,蜡,角质,和软木生物合成。此外,响应30分钟和24小时的盐胁迫,共有334个转录因子(TF)发生了变化。这些TFs大部分属于MYB,WRKY,AP2-EREBP,C2H2,bHLH,bZIP,和NAC家庭。
结论:第一次,这项研究在分子水平上阐明了G.inflata的耐盐性,包括在盐胁迫条件下调节G.inflata中离子的吸收和分布以及根系生长的信号通路和基因的激活。这些发现增强了我们对G.inflata耐盐性的认识,为培育耐盐作物品种提供了理论依据。
BACKGROUND: Soil salinization extensively hampers the growth, yield, and quality of crops worldwide. The most effective strategies to counter this problem are a) development of crop cultivars with high salt tolerance and b) the plantation of salt-tolerant crops. Glycyrrhiza inflata, a traditional Chinese medicinal and primitive plant with salt tolerance and economic value, is among the most promising crops for improving saline-alkali wasteland. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms for the adaptive response of G. inflata to salinity stress remain largely unknown.
RESULTS: G. inflata retained a high concentration of Na+ in roots and maintained the absorption of K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+ under 150 mM NaCl induced salt stress. Transcriptomic analysis of G. inflata roots at different time points of salt stress (0 min, 30 min, and 24 h) was performed, which resulted in 70.77 Gb of clean data. Compared with the control, we detected 2645 and 574 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) at 30 min and 24 h post-salt-stress induction, respectively. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses revealed that G. inflata response to salt stress post 30 min and 24 h was remarkably distinct. Genes that were differentially expressed at 30 min post-salt stress induction were enriched in signal transduction, secondary metabolite synthesis, and ion transport. However, genes that were differentially expressed at 24 h post-salt-stress induction were enriched in phenylpropane biosynthesis and metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, glycerol metabolism, hormone signal transduction, wax, cutin, and cork biosynthesis. Besides, a total of 334 transcription factors (TFs) were altered in response to 30 min and 24 h of salt stress. Most of these TFs belonged to the MYB, WRKY, AP2-EREBP, C2H2, bHLH, bZIP, and NAC families.
CONCLUSIONS: For the first time, this study elucidated the salt tolerance in G. inflata at the molecular level, including the activation of signaling pathways and genes that regulate the absorption and distribution of ions and root growth in G. inflata under salt stress conditions. These findings enhanced our understanding of the G. inflata salt tolerance and provided a theoretical basis for cultivating salt-tolerant crop varieties.