卤代甲氧基苯(HMBs)和相关的卤代甲氧基酚是在海洋和陆地环境中自然产生的,有些也有人为起源。它们是相对挥发性和水溶性的,并与水体和土壤进行大气交换。在这里,我们报告了2022年9月在瑞典的亚冰湖和集水区中HMB化合物溴化茴香和氯化二甲氧基苯的空气表面交换。通过固相萃取柱从水中和通过溶剂萃取从地面垫料/土壤中分离出HMB,并通过毛细管气相色谱-四极杆质谱法测定。在10-100pgL-1范围内的湖泊和溪流水中已鉴定的化合物是1,2,4,5-四氯-3,6-二甲氧基苯(DAME)>2,4-二溴茴香醚(DiBA)≥2,4,6-三溴茴香醚(TriBA)>1,2,3,4-四氯-5,6-二甲氧基苯(四氯杂酚,TeCV)。DAME和相关化合物2,3,5,6-四氯-4-甲氧基苯酚(DA)在亚硝化凋落物/土壤中的报道范围为0.005-1.1mgkg-1干重(dw),而在任何凋落物/土壤样品中均未检测到DiBA和TriBA,仅在其中一个中检测到TeCV。根据水和土壤中的浓度评估交换,帕拉斯监测站的空气浓度,芬兰,和HMBs的物理化学性质。使用两膜气体交换模型估算了进出湖泊的通量。9月份的净载量(沉积减去挥发)为-23、-15和-68克,TriBA和DAME,分别,约占估计湖泊库存的4-7%。凋落物/土壤对DAME的交换评估显示,五个地点的净挥发量很大,一个站点的净沉积和一个站点的接近平衡。在2022年9月,就HMB交换而言,Torneträsk流域似乎接近稳定状态。在温暖和寒冷的季节,情况可能会有所不同,下一步是建议将研究扩展到这些时期。
Halomethoxybenzenes (HMBs) and related halomethoxyphenols are produced naturally in the marine and terrestrial environment and some also have anthropogenic origins. They are relatively volatile and water soluble and undergo atmospheric exchange with water bodies and soil. Here we report air-surface exchange of HMB compounds brominated anisoles and chlorinated dimethoxybenzenes in a Subarctic lake and catchment in Sweden during September 2022. HMBs were isolated from water on solid-phase extraction cartridges and from ground litter/soil by solvent extraction and determined by capillary gas chromatography - quadrupole mass spectrometry. Identified compounds in lake and stream water in the 10-100 pg L-1 range were 1,2,4,5-tetrachloro-3,6-dimethoxybenzene (DAME) > 2,4-dibromoanisole (DiBA) ≥ 2,4,6-tribromoanisole (TriBA) > 1,2,3,4-tetrachloro-5,6-dimethoxybenzene (tetrachloroveratrole, TeCV). DAME and the related compound 2,3,5,6-tetrachloro-4-methoxyphenol (DA) are reported in Subarctic litter/soil in the range 0.005-1.1 mg kg-1 dry weight (dw), whereas DiBA and TriBA were not detected in any litter/soil sample and TeCV in only one. Exchanges were assessed from concentrations in water and soil, air concentrations from a monitoring station at Pallas, Finland, and the physicochemical properties of the HMBs. Fluxes to and from the lake were estimated using the two-film gas exchange model. Net loadings (deposition minus volatilization) for the month of September were - 23, -15 and - 68 g for DiBA, TriBA and DAME, respectively, which amounted to about 4-7 % of the estimated lake inventory. An exchange assessment for DAME from litter/soil showed significant net volatilization at five sites, net deposition at one site and near-equilibrium at one site. The Torneträsk catchment appeared close to steady state with respect to HMB exchange during September 2022. The situation could be different during the warmer and colder seasons, and extending the study to cover these periods is a suggested next step.