■测量模型为评估度量的有效性以及如何理解度量的方法提供了信息,应用和解释。使用基于偏好的度量(PBM),人们普遍认为它们是形成性的;然而,如果它们是在没有偏好的情况下应用的,它们可能是反光的,形成或混合。在这项研究中,我们试图实证检验反思,形成性或混合性测量模型最好地描述了与社会护理相关的生活质量(SCRQoL)的PBM-具体来说,ASCOT和ASCOT护工。我们还探索了网络方法,作为替代。
■使用验证性因子分析和多指标多原因模型对ASCOT和ASCOT-Carer数据进行了分析,以测试反思,形成或混合测量模型,分别。还使用高斯图形模型进行了部分相关的网络分析。
■结果表明,反射测量模型对ASCOT和ASCOT-Carer的拟合最差。形成或混合测量模型可适用于ASCOT。混合测量模型是ASCOT-Carer的最佳拟合模型。网络分析表明,最重要或最有影响力的项目是职业和个人清洁度和舒适度(ASCOT)以及时间和空间与自我护理(ASCOT-Carer)。
■ASCOT和ASCOT-Carer最好描述为形成/混合或混合测量模型,分别。这些发现可以指导跨文化改编和翻译版本的验证方法。具体来说,我们建议应用全民教育来建立结构特征,特别是如果该措施将作为PBM和SCRQoL的措施应用。网络分析还可以提供对结构特征的进一步有用见解。
对于许多患有长期健康状况或残疾的人来说,基于社区的社会护理服务(如,家庭护理)使他们能够保持独立,保持连接,和生活得很好。对于照顾某人的家人和朋友(“照顾者”),这些服务也可以帮助他们。他们可能允许照顾者继续从事有偿工作,并有时间从事爱好,友谊,为了保持健康,并在类似的情况下与他人联系。一个重要的问题是什么类型的社区服务,最好的支持人们和他们的照顾者。为了找出答案,我们需要一种方法来衡量服务对人们生活的影响。成人社会护理成果工具包(ASCOT)是一份问卷,询问人们生活中可能受到社会护理服务影响的方面(例如,控制日常生活)。研究人员和护理提供者已经使用该问卷来审查社会护理服务对人们的支持程度。问卷还有另一个版本,称为ASCOT-Carer,它着眼于对照顾者重要的生活方面。人们一直对在文化上适应这些措施并将其翻译成其他语言感兴趣。然而,有不同的方法来确定翻译版本与原文的关系。这对于确保新版本正在衡量我们期望的内容非常重要。在本文中,我们比较了在英格兰使用ASCOT和ASCOT-Carer收集的信息的不同理解方式。这将告知如何进行已翻译成新语言的ASCOT(和其他类似措施)的测试。它还有助于我们了解社会护理服务支持的生活的不同方面是如何相互关联的。这可以使我们了解人们的需求以及如何最好地支持他们。
UNASSIGNED: Measurement models inform the approach to assess a measure\'s validity and also how a measure is understood, applied and interpreted. With preference-based measures (PBMs), it is generally accepted that they are formative; however, if they are applied without preferences, they may be reflective, formative or mixed. In this study, we sought to empirically test whether the reflective, formative or mixed measurement model best describes PBMs of social care-related quality of life (SCRQoL) - specifically, the ASCOT and
ASCOT-Carer. We also explored the network approach, as an alternative.
UNASSIGNED: ASCOT and
ASCOT-Carer data were analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis and Multiple Indicators Multiple Causes models to test reflective, formative or mixed measurement models, respectively. Network analysis of partial correlations using the Gaussian graphical model was also conducted.
UNASSIGNED: The results indicated that the reflective measurement model is the worst fit for ASCOT and
ASCOT-Carer. The formative or mixed measurement models may apply to ASCOT. The mixed measurement model was the best fit for ASCOT-Carer. The network analysis indicated that the most important or influential items were Occupation and Personal cleanliness and comfort (ASCOT) and Time and space and Self-care (ASCOT-Carer).
UNASSIGNED: The
ASCOT and
ASCOT-Carer are best described as formative/mixed or mixed measurement models, respectively. These findings may guide the approach to the validation of cross-culturally adapted and translated versions. Specifically, we recommend that EFA be applied to establish structural characteristics, especially if the measure will be applied as a PBM and as a measure of SCRQoL. Network analysis may also provide further useful insights into structural characteristics.
For many people living with long-term health conditions or disabilities, community-based social care services (like, home care) enable them to maintain independence, stay connected, and to live well. For families and friends who care for someone (‘carers’), these services may also help them. They may allow carers to continue in paid employment and to have time for hobbies, friendships, to stay healthy, and connect with others in a similar situation. An important question is what type(s) of community-based services, best support people and their carers. To find this out, we need a way of measuring the effect services have on people’s lives. The Adult Social Care Outcomes Toolkit (ASCOT) is a questionnaire that asks people about aspects of their life that might be affected by social care services (for example, having control over everyday life). This questionnaire has already been used by researchers and care providers to review how well social care services support people. There is also another version of the questionnaire called the ASCOT-Carer, which looks at aspects of life that are important to carers. There has been interest in culturally adapting and translating these measures into other languages. However, there are different ways of establishing how well a translated version relates back to the original. This is important to make sure that the new version is measuring what we expect it to. In this paper, we compare different ways of understanding the information collected using the ASCOT and
ASCOT-Carer in England. This will inform how to approach the testing of ASCOT (and other similar measures) that have been translated into new languages. It also helps us to understand how different aspects of life that are supported by social care services are related to each other. This can inform our understanding of people’s needs and how to best support them.