背景:年龄,遗传,和环境因素被指出有助于痴呆的风险。神经可塑性,防止退化和细胞死亡,早期干预对于预防痴呆是可取的。神经元与小胶质细胞之间的联系一直是研究的热点。在这项研究中,在接受康复的老年参与者中,我们研究了饮食调整(减少晚期糖基化终产物[AGEs])和巨噬细胞活化因子(MAF;一种巨噬细胞调节因子)补充对认知功能的影响.
方法:参与者年龄超过60岁,在日托康复机构就诊至少三个月,没有出现认知功能障碍。严重贫血,晚期癌症,或神经退行性疾病,如帕金森病。在研究期间,康复机构的锻炼方案没有改变。43名参与者被随机分为三组:对照组接受安慰剂,一组接受饮食指导,和一组接受饮食指导和MAF补充。淀粉样蛋白-β40/42比率,膳食年龄摄入量,血浆AGE水平,膳食热量摄入,评估轻度认知障碍(MCI)筛查测试。
结果:4名参与者退出研究。MAF补充组的MCI筛查评分显著提高,尤其是6个月后。饮食调节在12个月后改善认知功能方面也比安慰剂更有效。仅对照组显示血浆AGEs显著增加,而饮食调节和MAF补充组显示12个月后血浆AGEs无变化。
结论:补充MAF可改善认知功能,尤其是6个月后,正在接受康复的老年人。与对照组相比,饮食调节也可有效改善12个月后的认知功能。在日托服务的饮食指导期间很难监督膳食。然而,简单的指导可以显示通过饮食改善认知功能。
BACKGROUND: Age, genetic, and environmental factors are noted to contribute to dementia risk. Neuroplasticity, protection from degeneration and cell death, and early intervention are desirable for preventing dementia. The linkage between neurons and microglia has been a research focus. In this study, we examined the effects of dietary modification (a reduction in advanced glycation end products [
AGEs]) and macrophage-activating factor (MAF; a macrophage regulator) supplementation on cognitive function in elderly participants undergoing rehabilitation.
METHODS: Participants were older than 60 years of age and had been attending a daycare rehabilitation facility for at least three months without cognitive dysfunction, severe anemia, terminal cancer, or neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson\'s disease. The exercise protocol at the rehabilitation facility was not changed during the study period. Forty-three participates were randomly divided into three groups: a control group receiving placebo, a group receiving dietary guidance, and a group receiving dietary guidance and MAF supplementation. The amyloid-β40/42 ratio, dietary AGE intake, plasma AGE levels, dietary caloric intake, and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) screen test were evaluated.
RESULTS: Four participants withdrew from the study. MCI screening scores significantly improved in the MAF supplementation group, especially after 6 months. Dietary modulation was also more effective than placebo at improving cognitive function after 12 months. Only the control group exhibited significantly increased plasma
AGEs while the dietary modulation and MAF supplementation groups showed no change in plasma
AGEs after 12 months.
CONCLUSIONS: MAF supplementation improved cognitive function, especially after 6 months, in elderly people undergoing rehabilitation. Dietary modulation was also effective for improving cognitive function after 12 months compared to that in the control group. It was difficult to supervise meals during dietary guidance at the daycare service. However, simple guidance could show improvements in cognitive function through diet.