背景:婚姻关系是老年人幸福感的重要来源。尽管已有关于婚姻不满和不良健康结果的文献,对于婚姻不满是否与老年人的功能表现有关,人们知之甚少。
目的:利用应激过程模型和健康行为模型,这项研究调查了婚姻不满与老年人功能表现之间的纵向关联。此外,我们试图调查这种关联是否因教育程度而异.
方法:使用2006年至2019年韩国老龄化纵向研究(KLoSA)的七个波(12年),该研究估计了固定效应模型,以解释未观察到的个人水平的混杂因素。客观测量手的握力和视觉的主观评估,听力,咀嚼功能,以及日常生活活动(ADL)和日常生活工具活动(IADL)的局限性被用来评估功能表现。使用交互模型来确定教育水平是否会调节协会。
结果:固定效应估计显示,婚姻不满与握力呈负相关,以及咀嚼,愿景,和听力功能,同时也显示与ADLs和IADLs的局限性呈正相关。这项研究的结果为受教育程度之间的异质性提供了证据。婚姻不满与功能表现之间的关联,包括握力,咀嚼,和听力,主要是由受教育程度较高的老年人驱动的。
结论:这项研究的结果表明,婚姻不满是老年人功能表现的有力预测因子。解决婚姻不满的努力有可能改善功能表现,特别是对于教育水平较高的老年人。
BACKGROUND: The marital relationship is an important source of the well-being of older adults. Despite existing literature on marital dissatisfaction and adverse health outcomes, little is known about whether marital dissatisfaction is associated with functional performance in older adults.
OBJECTIVE: Drawing on stress process model and health behavior model, this study examined the longitudinal association between marital dissatisfaction and older adults\' functional performance. Furthermore, we sought to investigate whether this association varies based on educational level.
METHODS: Using seven waves (12 years) of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing (KLoSA) from 2006 to 2019, this study estimated fixed effects models to account for unobserved individual-level confounders. Objectively measured hand grip strength and subjective assessments of vision, hearing, masticatory functions, as well as limitations in activities of daily living (
ADLs) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) were used to evaluate functional performance. An interaction model was used to determine whether educational level moderates the association.
RESULTS: Fixed effects estimates revealed that marital dissatisfaction is negatively associated with grip strength, as well as masticatory, vision, and hearing functions, while also showing a positive association with limitations in
ADLs and IADLs. The results of this study provided evidence on heterogeneity in the association by educational level. The associations between marital dissatisfaction and functional performance, including grip strength, mastication, and hearing, were driven primarily by those with older adults with a higher level of education.
CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study suggest that marital dissatisfaction is a robust predictor of functional performance in older adults. Efforts to address marital dissatisfaction has the potential to improve functional performance, particularly for older adults with higher levels of education.