4H或POLR3相关的脑白质营养不良是一种常染色体隐性遗传疾病,通常表现为髓鞘减少,缺省症,和低促性腺激素性性腺功能减退,由POLR3A的双等位基因致病变异引起,POLR3B,POLR1C,POLR3K迄今为止,尚未对与该疾病相关的内分泌和生长异常进行彻底研究。
系统表征4H脑白质营养不良患者的内分泌异常。
一项国际横断面研究是在2015年至2016年间对150名遗传证实的4H脑白质营养不良患者进行的。评估内分泌和生长异常,并回顾了神经系统和其他非神经系统特征。还研究了潜在的基因型/表型关联。
这是一项多中心回顾性研究,使用从3个主要中心收集的信息。
共有150名患有POLR3A的4H脑白质营养不良和致病变异的患者,POLR3B,或包括POLR1C。
用于评估内分泌和生长异常的变量包括青春期病史,激素水平(雌二醇,睾丸激素,刺激的LH和FSH,刺激GH,IGF-I,催乳素,ACTH,皮质醇,TSH,和T4),和身高和头围图。
最常见的内分泌异常是青春期延迟(57/74;77%,64%的男性,89%的女性)和身材矮小(57/93;61%),当根据医生评估进行评估时。22%(13/59)的患者报告甲状腺功能异常。
我们的结果证实,青春期异常和身材矮小是4H脑白质营养不良中最常见的内分泌特征。然而,我们注意到,在该患者人群中,内分泌异常的研究通常不足.需要进行前瞻性研究,以制定基于证据的建议来管理这种疾病的内分泌表现。
4H or POLR3-related leukodystrophy is an autosomal recessive disorder typically characterized by hypomyelination, hypodontia, and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, caused by biallelic pathogenic variants in POLR3A, POLR3B, POLR1C, and POLR3K. The endocrine and growth abnormalities associated with this disorder have not been thoroughly investigated to date.
To systematically characterize endocrine abnormalities of patients with 4H leukodystrophy.
An international cross-sectional study was performed on 150 patients with genetically confirmed 4H leukodystrophy between 2015 and 2016. Endocrine and growth abnormalities were evaluated, and neurological and other non-neurological features were reviewed. Potential genotype/phenotype associations were also investigated.
This was a multicenter retrospective study using information collected from 3 predominant centers.
A total of 150 patients with 4H leukodystrophy and pathogenic variants in POLR3A, POLR3B, or POLR1C were included.
Variables used to evaluate endocrine and growth abnormalities included pubertal history, hormone levels (estradiol, testosterone, stimulated LH and FSH, stimulated GH, IGF-I, prolactin, ACTH, cortisol, TSH, and T4), and height and head circumference charts.
The most common endocrine abnormalities were delayed puberty (57/74; 77% overall, 64% in males, 89% in females) and short stature (57/93; 61%), when evaluated according to physician assessment. Abnormal thyroid function was reported in 22% (13/59) of patients.
Our results confirm pubertal abnormalities and short stature are the most common endocrine features seen in 4H leukodystrophy. However, we noted that endocrine abnormalities are typically underinvestigated in this patient population. A prospective study is required to formulate evidence-based recommendations for management of the endocrine manifestations of this disorder.