Introduction.印度尼西亚5岁以下儿童急性呼吸道感染(ARI)的发病率和死亡率相对较高。社会人口统计学特征被认为是导致印度尼西亚ARI的因素之一。然而,没有研究分析幼儿ARI的患病率以及多个时期决定因素之间的差异.因此,本研究旨在分析2007年,2012年和2017年印度尼西亚5岁以下儿童ARI症状的流行趋势和相关因素.方法。这项研究分析了2007年,2012年和2017年印度尼西亚人口与健康调查(DHS)的横断面调查数据。使用Stata版本15进行了逻辑回归的双变量和多变量分析。最终结果以调整后的赔率比(AOR)和95%置信区间(CI)表示。结果。研究结果表明,患病率趋势有所进展,有ARI症状的儿童比例从11.25%(2007年)下降。然后5.12%(2012年)到4.22%(2017年)。幼儿出现ARI症状的危险因素如下:年龄较小(2007年OR:1.13,95%Cl0.70-1.81,2012年OR:1.72,95%Cl1.03-2.88,2017年OR:0.98,95%Cl0.48-1.97),家庭成员的吸烟习惯(2012年OR:1.12,95%Cl0.85-1.48,2017年OR:1.23,95%Cl),饮用水质量差(2012年OR:1.12,95%Cl0.85-1.48,2017年OR:1.23,95%Cl),厕所设施不可用(2007年OR:1.27,95%Cl1.04-1.56,2012年OR:1.24,95%Cl0.95-1.63,2017年OR:1.28,95%Cl0.97-1.68)。结论。2007年、2012年和2017年儿童ARI症状患病率有所下降,其他相关因素差异不显著。生活方式和家庭环境因素,如使用肮脏的燃料,家里有吸烟者,饮用水质量差,除产妇年龄和儿童年龄外,厕所设施不可用是必须优先考虑和改善的决定因素。家庭自我意识也应该得到加强,以更好地帮助幼儿生存。
Introduction. The morbidity and mortality rate of Acute Respiratory Tract Infection (ARI) in children under 5 is relatively high in Indonesia. Socio-demographic characteristic is considered one of the factors causing ARI in Indonesia. However, no study analyzed the prevalence of ARI among toddlers and the differences among the determinant factors in multiple periods. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the prevalence trends and determinant factors associated with ARI symptoms in children under 5 in Indonesia in 2007, 2012, and
2017. Methods. This study analyzed cross-sectional survey data from the Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) in Indonesia during 2007, 2012, and 2017. Bivariate and multivariate analysis with logistic regression was performed using Stata version 15. The final results were expressed in Adjusted Odds Ratio (AORs) and 95% Confidence Interval (CI). Results. The findings showed a progress in prevalence trends with a decrease in the percentage of children with ARI symptoms from 11.25% (2007), then 5.12% (2012) to 4.22% (2017). Risk factors for toddlers experiencing ARI symptoms were as follows: younger maternal age (OR: 1.13, 95% Cl 0.70-1.81 in 2007, OR: 1.72, 95% Cl 1.03-2.88 in 2012 and OR: 0.98, 95% Cl 0.48-1.97 in
2017), smoking habits of family members (OR: 1.12, 95% Cl 0.85-1.48 in 2012, OR: 1.23, 95% Cl in
2017), poor drinking water quality (OR: 1.12, 95% Cl 0.85-1.48 in 2012 and OR: 1.23, 95% Cl in
2017), unavailable toilet facilities (OR: 1.27, 95% Cl 1.04-1.56 in 2007, OR: 1.24, 95% Cl 0.95-1.63 in 2012 and OR: 1.28, 95% Cl 0.97-1.68 in 2017). Conclusion. There was a decrease in the prevalence of ARI symptoms among children in 2007, 2012, and
2017, with no prominent differences in other related factors. The lifestyle and household environmental factors such as the use of dirty fuel, the presence of smokers in the household, the poor quality of drinking water, unavailable toilet facilities in addition to the maternal age and child age were the determinant factors that must be prioritized and improved. Family self-awareness should also be enhanced for better prospects for toddler survival.