背景:雄激素性脱发(AGA)是全世界男性和女性中最常见的脱发之一。它是一种具有特征性模式的非瘢痕性脱发。在女性模式AGA中,发际线是稳定的,但一般变薄最明显发生在额叶区域。在男性模式AGA中,发际线在后退,额颞区的变薄最为明显。AGA具有复杂的发病机制和头皮区域皮下脂肪的关系,并且末端毛囊的小型化是模糊的。在这项研究中,额叶头皮中的皮下脂肪是AGA的重要区域,与AGA中保留的枕骨头皮相比。
方法:我们的研究是一项横断面研究,分为四组。男性患者,女性患者,男性控制,女性控制每个小组有15个人。研究中的所有人都是RasoulAkram皮肤科诊所的人。脱发的严重程度通过诺伍德尺度对男性模式AGA进行分类,路德维希尺度对女性模式AGA进行分类。通过超声检查测量额叶和枕骨区域的皮下组织。为了评估老化对皮下脂肪厚度的影响,我们将任何一组细分为40岁以上和20至40岁之间,并比较了这两个亚组。
结果:三组男性患者的平均年龄,女性患者,女性对照为40y/o,男性对照的平均年龄为41y/o。男性患者组额叶区的平均皮下脂肪层厚度为6.0mm(大于40y/o=6.6mm,介于20和40之间y/o=5.5mm),女性患者组5.1毫米(大于40y/o=5.7毫米,介于20和40之间y/o=4.6mm),男性对照组为4.4毫米(大于40y/o=4.7毫米,在20至40y/o=4mm之间),女性对照组为4.1mm(大于40y/o=4.5mm,介于20和40之间y/o=3.6毫米)。男性患者组枕骨区的平均皮下脂肪层厚度为6.4mm(大于40y/o=6.7mm,介于20和40之间y/o=6mm),女性患者组6.1毫米(大于40y/o=6.5毫米,介于20和40之间y/o=5.7mm),男性对照组为6.3毫米(大于40y/o=6.8毫米,20至40y/o=5.7mm),女性对照组为6.2mm(超过40y/o=6.6mm,介于20和40之间y/o=5.8毫米)。
结论:这项研究表明,男性和女性AGA患者额叶区的皮下脂肪层都比健康组厚,并且AGA越严重,较厚的是额区的皮下层。在男性患者组中,额叶区的皮下脂肪层比女性患者组厚,但在男性和女性对照组中差异不大。在患者和对照组的老年个体中,枕骨区的皮下脂肪层较厚,但与AGA患者和对照个体相比没有差异。
BACKGROUND: Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is one of the most common alopecia among men and women worldwide. It is a nonscarring alopecia that has a characterized pattern. In female pattern AGA, the hairline is stable but general thinning occurs most notably in the frontal region. In male-pattern AGA, the hairline is receding and the thinning is most notable in the frontotemporal region. AGA has a complex pathogenesis and relation of subcutaneous fat in the scalp region and the miniaturization of terminal hair follicles is vague. In this study, subcutaneous fat in the frontal scalp an important region for AGA is compared to the occipital scalp that is spared in AGA.
METHODS: Our study is a cross-sectional study that has four groups. Male patient, female patient, male control, female control. Every group has 15 individuals. All of the people in the study are those referred to Rasoul Akram\'s dermatology clinic. The severity of alopecia is classified by Norwood scaling for male pattern AGA and Ludwig scaling for female pattern AGA. Subcutaneous tissue in the frontal and occipital regions is measured by
ultrasonography. For evaluating the effect of aging on subcutaneous fat thickness, we subdivided any group into more than 40 years old and between 20 and 40 years old and compared these two subgroups.
RESULTS: The mean age of the three groups of male patient, female patient, and female control is 40 y/o and the mean age of male control is 41 y/o. The mean subcutaneous fat layer thickness in frontal region in male patients group is 6.0 mm (more than 40 y/o = 6.6 mm, between 20 and 40 y/o = 5.5 mm), in female patients group 5.1 mm (more than 40 y/o = 5.7 mm, between 20 and 40 y/o = 4.6 mm), in the male control group is 4.4 mm (more than 40 y/o = 4.7 mm, between 20 and 40 y/o = 4 mm) and in the female control group is 4.1 mm (more than 40 y/o = 4.5 mm, between 20 and 40 y/o = 3.6 mm). The mean subcutaneous fat layer thickness in the occipital region in the male patient\'s group is 6.4 mm (more than 40 y/o = 6.7 mm, between 20 and 40 y/o = 6 mm), in the female patient\'s group 6.1 mm (more than 40 y/o = 6.5 mm, between 20 and 40 y/o = 5.7 mm), in the male control group is 6.3 mm (more than 40 y/o = 6.8 mm, between 20 and 40 y/o = 5.7 mm) and in the female control group is 6.2 mm (more than 40 y/o = 6.6 mm, between 20 and 40 y/o = 5.8 mm).
CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that the subcutaneous fat layer in the frontal region in both males and females is thicker in AGA patients than healthy group and the more severe the AGA, the thicker is subcutaneous layer in the frontal region. In the male patients group, the subcutaneous fat layer in the frontal region is thicker than in the female patients group but in the male and female control groups is not so different. The subcutaneous fat layer in the occipital region is thicker in older individuals in both patients and control groups but is not different when compared to AGA patients and control individuals.