血管是高度动态的复杂结构,具有多种生理功能,包括氧气的运输,营养素,和代谢废物。它们的正常功能涉及各种细胞的密切协调合作。然而,不利的内外环境因素可导致血管损伤和各种血管疾病的诱发,包括动脉粥样硬化和血栓形成。这会给病人带来严重的后果,迫切需要创新技术来修复受损的血管。聚酯由于其优异的机械性能,已被广泛研究和用于血管疾病的治疗和血管的修复,可调节的生物降解时间,和优良的生物相容性。鉴于血管组织的高度复杂性,它仍然是具有挑战性的优化利用聚酯修复受损的血管。然而,它们在血管组织工程的一系列应用中具有相当大的潜力。本文综述了聚羟基烷酸酯(PHA)的物理化学性质,聚己内酯(PCL),聚乳酸(PLA),和聚(丙交酯-共-乙交酯)(PLGA),专注于其在血管组织工程中的独特应用。聚酯不仅可以作为3D支架来修复损伤,作为血管移植物的替代品,但也有各种形式,如微球体,纤维膜,和纳米颗粒向受损血管输送药物或生物活性成分。最后,预计聚酯的进一步发展将在不久的将来发生,有可能促进这些材料在血管组织工程中的广泛应用。
Blood vessels are highly dynamic and complex structures with a variety of physiological functions, including the transport of oxygen, nutrients, and metabolic wastes. Their normal functioning involves the close and coordinated cooperation of a variety of cells. However, adverse internal and external environmental factors can lead to vascular damage and the induction of various vascular diseases, including atherosclerosis and thrombosis. This can have serious consequences for patients, and there is an urgent need for innovative techniques to repair damaged blood vessels. Polyesters have been extensively researched and used in the treatment of vascular disease and repair of blood vessels due to their excellent mechanical properties, adjustable biodegradation time, and excellent biocompatibility. Given the high complexity of vascular tissues, it is still challenging to optimize the utilization of polyesters for repairing damaged blood vessels. Nevertheless, they have considerable potential for vascular tissue engineering in a range of applications. This summary reviews the physicochemical properties of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), polycaprolactone (PCL), poly-lactic acid (PLA), and poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA), focusing on their unique applications in vascular tissue engineering. Polyesters can be prepared not only as 3D scaffolds to repair damage as an alternative to vascular grafts, but also in various forms such as microspheres, fibrous membranes, and nanoparticles to deliver drugs or bioactive ingredients to damaged vessels. Finally, it is anticipated that further developments in polyesters will occur in the near future, with the potential to facilitate the wider application of these materials in vascular tissue engineering.