羟基肉桂酸(HCAs)是具有抗癌潜力的植物化合物,由于其抗氧化剂,抗炎,凋亡诱导,和增殖抑制作用。这篇综述旨在巩固和分析目前关于HCA抗癌作用的知识,探索他们的作用机制,生物利用度挑战,和潜在的治疗应用。在PubMed/MedLine上进行全面的文献检索,Scopus,WebofScience,谷歌学者专注于抗癌特性,机制,生物利用度,和HCA的安全概况。研究表明,HCA,比如咖啡酸,阿魏酸,和芥子酸,抑制体外和体内癌细胞的生长,并使癌细胞对化学疗法和放射疗法敏感。这些效应是由机制介导的,包括细胞存活途径的抑制,基因表达的调节,并诱导氧化应激和DNA损伤。此外,几项研究表明,HCA具有选择性毒性,与正常细胞相比,癌细胞具有更高的诱导细胞死亡的倾向。然而,HCA的毒性特征可能因具体化合物而异,剂量,和实验条件。HCA的抗癌特性表明在癌症预防和治疗中的潜在应用。然而,区分它们作为膳食补充剂和治疗剂的用途是至关重要的,因为适合膳食补充剂的剂量和配方可能不足以用于治疗目的。在这些不同情况下使用HCA的监管和实际意义需要仔细考虑。需要进一步的研究来确定合适的剂量,配方,长期影响,和HCA作为膳食补充剂和治疗剂的监管框架。
Hydroxycinnamic acids (HCAs) are plant compounds with anticancer potential due to their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, apoptosis-inducing, and proliferation-inhibiting effects. This review aims to consolidate and analyze current knowledge on the anticancer effects of HCAs, exploring their mechanisms of action, bioavailability challenges, and potential therapeutic applications. A comprehensive literature search on PubMed/MedLine, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar focused on the anticancer properties, mechanisms, bioavailability, and safety profiles of HCAs. Studies have shown that HCAs, such as caffeic acid, ferulic acid, and sinapic acid, inhibit the growth of cancer cells in vitro and in vivo and sensitize cancer cells to chemotherapy and radiation therapy. These effects are mediated by mechanisms including the inhibition of cell survival pathways, modulation of gene expression, and induction of oxidative stress and DNA damage. Additionally, several studies have demonstrated that HCAs exhibit selective toxicity, with a higher propensity to induce cell death in cancerous cells compared to normal cells. However, the toxicity profile of HCAs can vary depending on the specific compound, dosage, and experimental conditions. The anticancer properties of HCAs suggest potential applications in cancer prevention and treatment. However, it is essential to distinguish between their use as dietary supplements and therapeutic agents, as the dosage and formulation suitable for dietary supplements may be insufficient for therapeutic purposes. The regulatory and practical implications of using HCAs in these different contexts require careful consideration. Further research is needed to determine appropriate dosages, formulations, long-term effects, and regulatory frameworks for HCAs as both dietary supplements and therapeutic agents.