目的:糖尿病性胃轻瘫(DGp)是未控制的糖尿病(D.M.)的常见且可预防的并发症,并显着影响患者的生活质量。由于疾病的复杂性和有限的有效治疗选择,诊断和管理成为临床挑战。本综述旨在全面概述其发病机制,诊断,和糖尿病性胃轻瘫的治疗,评估不断发展的方法,以指导临床医生并提供未来的建议。
方法:对PubMed的学术数据库进行了文献综述,谷歌学者,Scopus和WebofScience包含已发表的文章,灰色文献和相关临床指南。数据进行了综合和分析,以提供糖尿病性胃轻瘫的全面概述,专注于发病机理,诊断,和管理。
结果:这篇综述错综复杂地探讨了糖尿病性胃轻瘫的发病机制,强调自主神经病变,氧化应激,炎症,荷尔蒙失调,微生物群改变,和胃肠道神经病。强调了主要的管理策略,包括生活方式的改变,症状缓解,和血糖控制。讨论包括药理学和手术选择,强调涉及各种医疗保健专业人员的多学科方法对全面患者护理的重要性。
结论:这篇综述提供了对发病机制的透彻理解,诊断,和糖尿病性胃轻瘫的治疗,强调临床医生不断发展的方法。多学科方法对于解决糖尿病及其并发症的身心健康方面至关重要。
OBJECTIVE: Diabetic gastroparesis (DGp) is a common and preventable complication of uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (D.M.) and significantly affects the Quality of Life of patients. Diagnosis and management present as a clinical challenge due to the disease\'s complexity and limited effective therapeutic options. This review aims to comprehensively outline the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management of diabetic gastroparesis, evaluating evolving approaches to guide clinicians and provide future recommendations.
METHODS: A literature review was conducted on scholarly databases of PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus and Web of Science encompassing published articles, gray literature and relevant clinical guidelines. Data were synthesized and analyzed to provide a comprehensive overview of diabetic gastroparesis, focusing on pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management.
RESULTS: The review intricately explores the pathogenesis contributing to diabetic gastroparesis, emphasizing autonomic neuropathy, oxidative stress, inflammation, hormonal dysregulation, microbiota alterations, and gastrointestinal neuropathy. Primary management strategies are underscored, including lifestyle modifications, symptom relief, and glycemic control. The discussion encompasses pharmacological and surgical options, highlighting the importance of a multidisciplinary approach involving various healthcare professionals for comprehensive patient care.
CONCLUSIONS: This review offers a thorough understanding of pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management of diabetic gastroparesis, underlining evolving approaches for clinicians. A multidisciplinary approach is crucial to address both the physical and mental health aspects of diabetes and its complications.