OBJECTIVE: This retrospective study investigated the impact of corneal parameters on surgically induced astigmatism (SIA) in eyes with prior myopic correction undergoing cataract surgery.
METHODS: Department of Ophthalmology, San Marino Hospital, San Marino, Republic of San Marino.
METHODS: This case-control study analyzed existing data retrospectively, without randomization or masking.
METHODS: Eighty eyes divided in group 1 (40 eyes previous underwent refractive surgery for myopia) and group 2 ( 40 myopic eyes) that underwent cataract surgery with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation were included. SIA was calculated using values from the IOL Master Zeiss 700 and mean pupil power (MPP) derived from the CSO Sirius Topographer (based on 3 mm pupil size) with vectorial analysis from doctor Hill software.
RESULTS: No significant difference in SIA was observed between eyes with prior myopic photorefractive keratectomy and the control group (p > 0.05). SIA calculations using the IOL Master and CSO Sirius Tomographer yielded similar results. There was no significant correlation between SIA and axial length, corneal curvature, peripheral corneal thickness, or anterior chamber depth (p > 0.05). However, an inverse correlation was found between SIA and horizontal corneal diameter (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: Corneal parameters, such as axial length, corneal curvature, peripheral corneal thickness, and anterior chamber depth, showed no significant influence on SIA. The inverse correlation between SIA and horizontal corneal diameter in study group suggests potential influence of white-to-white distance on SIA. These findings highlight the importance of considering corneal parameters for optimizing surgical outcomes.

UNASSIGNED: Astigmatism is closely associated with myopia progression, vision loss, eye fatigue and amblyopia, which seriously endangers children\'s eye health. This study aims to investigate the prevalence and characteristic distribution of astigmatism in children in Langzhong City, providing valuable insights for allocating resources and develop prevention and control strategies.
UNASSIGNED: A cross-sectional study and random sampling survey were conducted. Between January and November 2021, 21,415 students aged 5 to 13 years from 14 primary schools in Langzhong City underwent non-cycloplegic refractive testing using autorefraction. The data on myopia were analyzed using SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) version 23.0.
UNASSIGNED: The inclusion criterion was set at an absolute astigmatism value of ≥0.50D. Among the 21,415 children studied, 61.70% were found to have astigmatism. The prevalence of astigmatism varied significantly across different grades (χ2=501.414, P<0.001). The predominant types of astigmatism were mild astigmatism (0.50-1.00D) and with-the-rule astigmatism. Mixed astigmatism was primarily observed in children in grades 1 and 2, while compound myopic astigmatism was more common in children in grades 3 to 6. These differences were statistically significant. As the degree of astigmatism increased, the proportions of against-the-rule astigmatism, oblique astigmatism, compound myopic astigmatism, and simple hyperopic astigmatism decreased, whereas the proportions of with-the-rule astigmatism, mixed astigmatism, and compound hyperopic astigmatism increased.
UNASSIGNED: The prevalence of astigmatism among school-age children aged 5 to 13 years in northeast Sichuan is notably high, with compound myopic astigmatism and with-the-rule astigmatism being the most common types. Regular refractive examinations are crucial for the early detection and management of astigmatism.

UNASSIGNED: To identify a correlation between the degree of congenital ptosis and levels of refractive error, visual stimulus deprivation and anisometropic amblyopia, and any improvement with surgical intervention.
UNASSIGNED: A prospective investigation of 30 patients aged 3 months to 8 years, with a diagnosis of unilateral or bilateral congenital ptosis. A full orthoptic assessment and cycloplegic refraction were performed and patients requiring surgical intervention for ptosis were at surgeon discretion.
UNASSIGNED: The mean age at presentation was 27.1 months. The prevalence of amblyopia ranged from 19 to 29%. There was no significant difference in the levels of astigmatism throughout the follow-up period between patients who underwent surgical intervention and who did not. There was a significant improvement in the visual acuity of the affected eye (p = .03) and both eyes open (p = .02), in patients who did not undergo surgery. This was then repeated on patients who underwent surgical intervention which showed no significant difference in the affected eye or both eyes open; p = .27, p = .32, respectively.
UNASSIGNED: There is no significant change in the levels of astigmatism in both patients who underwent surgery and those who did not. Conservative management of congenital ptosis, while counterintuitive, proves not to deleteriously affect the visual potential of these patients.

Background/Objectives: This retrospective case series analyzed visual outcomes in patients with a prior history of implantable collamer lens (ICL) implantation who underwent cataract extraction (CE). A secondary aim was to investigate the relationship between vault height and the rate of cataract development. Methods: Visual acuity and refraction measurements were collected after CE at one week, one month and six months. Vault height measurements were correlated to the time until symptomatic cataracts were removed. Results: A total of 44 eyes were analyzed at six months after CE with efficacy and safety indexes of 1.20 ± 1.11 and 1.50 ± 1.06, respectively. In addition, 70% of eyes had a post-operative uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) within one line of pre-operative corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA). Refractive predictability at six months demonstrated that 43% and 69% of eyes were within ±0.25 D and ±0.50 D of SEQ target, respectively. Astigmatism measured by refractive cylinder was ≤0.25 D in 17% and ≤0.50 D in 34% of eyes pre-operatively compared to 40% and 60% of eyes, respectively, at six months post-operatively. Vault heights one week after ICL (p < 0.0081) and one week before CE (p < 0.0154) demonstrated a positive linear regression with the time until CE. Conclusions: This sample population achieved favorable visual outcomes six months after CE, similar to six months after ICL implantation. Patients with a history of ICL implantation will similarly have a good visual prognosis after CE.

UNASSIGNED: To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of a new aspheric ablation profile for correcting myopia and myopic astigmatism.
UNASSIGNED: This prospective, multicenter study included patients who underwent laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) using a new aspheric ablation profile of the Technolas Teneo 317 (Model 2) excimer laser (version 1.28 US SW) by Technolas Perfect Vision, Bausch+Lomb, Inc. No nomogram adjustments were made, and the patient\'s manifest refraction was entered into the laser (for treatment). Postoperative assessments included visual and refractive outcomes. Patients were asked to complete the Patient-Reported Outcomes With LASIK (PROWL) questionnaire preoperatively and postoperatively.
UNASSIGNED: A total of 333 eyes from 168 patients with a mean age of 33 ± 7 years were included. At postoperative 9 months, uncorrected and corrected distance visual acuities of 20/25 or better were seen in 97.8% and 100% of eyes, respectively. None of the eyes lost two or more lines of corrected distance visual acuity. The mean manifest spherical refraction improved from -5.67 ± 2.52 diopters (D) preoperatively to -0.04 ± 0.32 D postoperatively, with 92.7% of eyes achieving residual refractive error within ±0.50 D. Residual refractive cylinder within ±0.50 and ±1.00 D was seen in 93% and 99.4% eyes, respectively. The refractive outcomes were stable throughout the follow-up of 9 months. The proportion of patients satisfied with their vision rose from 27.7% preoperatively to 98.1% postoperatively.
UNASSIGNED: LASIK performed using a new aspheric ablation profile of the Technolas Teneo 317 (Model 2) excimer laser is safe and effective for correcting myopia and myopic astigmatism, yielding excellent visual and refractive outcomes that were stable over 9 months. [J Refract Surg. 2024;40(8):e544-e553.].

UNASSIGNED: To explore the use of autologous astigmatic lenticule reshaping and rotation surgery to correct high astigmatism in conjunction with excimer laser technology to correct residual refractive error.
UNASSIGNED: Six patients with high astigmatism (8 eyes, all with astigmatism from -5.50 to -11.00 diopters [D]) seeking refractive error correction were enrolled. The following methods were used to correct refractive errors that could not be corrected by a single conventional surgery: (1) cutting of a customized lens using FLEx technology, (2) lifting of the corneal flap and reshaping the autologous astigmatic lenticule in situ using an excimer laser, and (3) rotation of the autologous astigmatic lenticule by 90°. Uncorrected distance visual acuity, subjective refraction, corneal topography, and anterior segment optical coherence tomography were performed preoperatively and postoperatively.
UNASSIGNED: The efficacy and safety indices at 6 months postoperatively were 0.93 ± 0.18 and 1.06 ± 0.11, respectively, the spherical equivalent remained stable and close to emmetropia (-0.13 ± 0.70 D) from 1 to 6 months postoperatively, postoperative astigmatism was generally mildly undercorrected (-1.22 ± 0.43 D), and the difference in corneal curvatures at 2 mm from the apex of the cornea was significantly reduced compared to preoperatively (P < .05); however, the corresponding values at 1 and 3 mm showed no difference.
UNASSIGNED: Correction of high astigmatism with autologous astigmatic lenticule reshaping and rotation surgery is tissue-sparing, predictable, and significantly improves postoperative visual acuity and quality. This method is feasible and safe, with predictability requiring further study. This novel surgical approach has potential for patients with high astigmatism that cannot be corrected by conventional refractive surgery. [J Refract Surg. 2024;40(8):e554-e561.].

UNASSIGNED: Colloid cysts are rare brain tumors that can cause headaches, memory problems, and vision issues. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent complications.
UNASSIGNED: The authors report a case of a patient in their 20s with a 2-year history of headaches and blurry vision. A computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a colloid cyst in the third ventricle. The patient was diagnosed with astigmatism and managed with corrective lenses and regular CT scans.
UNASSIGNED: The patient\'s astigmatism may be linked to the colloid cyst, potentially due to migraines triggered by the cyst\'s location. Further research is needed to understand this relationship.
UNASSIGNED: This case highlights the potential for colloid cysts to contribute to vision problems. Careful evaluation and individualized management are essential for patients with colloid cysts and vision disturbances.

暂无摘要。

CONCLUSIONS: Angular Indication Measurement (AIM) is an adaptive, self-administered, and generalizable orientation-judgment method designed to interrogate visual functions. We introduce AIM Visual Acuity (VA) and show its features and outcome measures. Angular Indication Measurement VA\'s ability to detect defocus was comparable with that of an Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) letter chart and showed greater sensitivity to astigmatic blur.
OBJECTIVE: This proof-of-concept study introduces Angular Indication Measurement and applies it to VA.
METHODS: First, we compared the ability of AIM-VA and ETDRS to detect defocus and astigmatic blur in 22 normally sighted adults. Spherical and cylindrical lenses in the dominant eye induced blur. Second, we compared repeatability over two tests of AIM-VA and ETDRS.
RESULTS: A repeated-measure analysis of variance showed a main effect for defocus blur and test. For the astigmatism experiment, an interaction between blur and orientation was found. Pairwise comparisons showed that AIM was more sensitive to astigmatic-induced VA loss than ETDRS. Bland-Altman plots showed small bias and no systematic learning effect for either test type and improved repeatability with more than two adaptive steps for AIM-VA.
CONCLUSIONS: Angular Indication Measurement VA\'s ability to detect defocus was comparable with that of an ETDRS letter chart and showed greater sensitivity to induced astigmatic blur, and AIM-VA\'s repeatability is comparable with ETDRS when using two or more adaptive steps. Angular Indication Measurement\'s self-administered orientation judgment approach is generalizable to interrogate other visual functions, e.g., contrast, color, motion, and stereovision.

BACKGROUND: There are reports of safe cataract surgery in eyes with posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy (PPCD); however, to our knowledge, there are no reports of minimally invasive glaucoma surgery (MIGS) in eyes with PPCD. Herein, we report a case of poor intraoperative visibility with gonioscopy, postoperative corneal edema, and corneal astigmatism in eyes with PPCD treated with trabecular micro-bypass stent combined with cataract surgery.
UNASSIGNED: A 78-year-old man was referred to our hospital for MIGS. He presented with bilateral corneal endothelial vesicular changes and band lesions. Endothelial cell density was 2983/2871 cells/mm2 (right/left eye), central corneal thickness was 581 μm/572 μm, best-corrected visual acuity values (Snellen equivalent) were 20/32 (right) and 20/100 (left), and corneal astigmatism was -2.7D in the right eye and -2.5D in the left eye.
UNASSIGNED: After phacoemulsification and aspiration with intraocular lens implantation with a 2.4-mm corneal incision in both eyes, trabecular micro-bypass stents were inserted successfully despite the poor intraoperative visibility with gonioscopy. One week after surgery, the central corneal thickness was 614 μm/609 μm, and Descemet\'s membrane folds and mild corneal edema were observed. Best-corrected decimal visual acuity was 20/40 for the right eye and 20/50 for the left eye. In the left eye, total corneal astigmatism increased from -2.5D to -5.5D. Corneal astigmatism and edema showed gradual improvement.
CONCLUSIONS: Although reports have shown that cataract surgery can be safely performed in eyes with PPCD, MIGS in eyes with PPCD may require caution regarding intraoperative visibility with gonioscopy and visual function in the early postoperative period.