尽管白色念珠菌是临床上最常见的念珠菌,大量的感染与非白色念珠菌(NAC)物种有关,克鲁斯念珠菌,已被报道。这两个物种都能够产生生物膜,并且是抗微生物剂耐药性的重要抗性相关因素。此外,微生物关系在人体内很常见,有助于形成多微生物生物膜。考虑到大量报告显示对现有抗真菌药物的耐药性增加,开发新的有效抗真菌药物至关重要。最近证明了有机硒化合物(OCs)对白色念珠菌和克鲁斯念珠菌发展的抑制作用,支持这些化合物作为有效抗真菌药物的潜力。此外,OC能够减少生物膜的生存能力和发展,真菌引起的定植和感染中非常重要的一步。因此,这项研究的目的是研究有机硒化合物(p-MeOPhSe)2,(PhSe)2和(p-Cl-PhSe)2对白色念珠菌和克鲁斯念珠菌双物种生物膜发育的影响使用RPMI-1640或Sabouraud葡萄糖肉汤(SDB)培养基生产。通过测定两种代谢活性来评估双物种生物膜的发展,使用基于减少XTT(2,3-双(2-甲氧基-4-硝基-5-磺基苯基)-2H-四唑-5-甲酰苯胺钠盐)的代谢测定法,并鉴定白色念珠菌和克鲁斯念珠菌在CHROMagar念珠菌培养基上。使用RPMI-1640的生物膜形成分别被30µM(p-MeOPhSe)2,(PhSe)2和(p-Cl-PhSe)2抑制了90%,55%和20%。然而,在存在30µM(p-MeOPhSe)2,(PhSe)2和(p-Cl-PhSe)2的情况下,使用SDB产生的生物膜分别抑制了62%,30%和15%。24小时生物膜的代谢活性分别被30µM(p-MeOPhSe)2,(PhSe)2和(p-Cl-PhSe)2抑制了35%,30%和20%,使用RPMI-1640;然而,使用SDB形成的24小时生物膜未被OC修饰。此外,观察到在30µM(p-MeOPhSe)2存在下使用RPMI-1640产生的生物膜中白色念珠菌的CFU数量(93%)大大减少。然而,使用SDB形成并用30µM(p-MeOPhSe)2处理的生物膜,白色念珠菌和克鲁斯念珠菌的CFU数量减少了97%和69%,分别。这些结果表明,有机硒化合物,主要是(p-MeOPhSe)2,能够通过使用RPMI-1640或SDB在生物膜形成过程中减少白色念珠菌和克鲁斯念珠菌细胞数量来降低双物种生物膜的代谢活性。一起来看,这些结果证明了OC抑制白色念珠菌和克鲁斯念珠菌双物种生物膜发展的潜力。
Although Candida albicans is the most frequently identified Candida species in clinical settings, a significant number of infections related to the non-albicans Candida (NAC) species, Candida krusei, has been reported. Both species are able to produce biofilms and have been an important resistance-related factor to antimicrobial resistance. In addition, the microbial relationship is common in the human body, contributing to the formation of polymicrobial biofilms. Considering the great number of reports showing the increase in cases of resistance to the available antifungal drugs, the development of new and effective antifungal agents is critical. The inhibitory effect of Organoselenium Compounds (OCs) on the development of Candida albicans and Candida krusei was recently demonstrated, supporting the potential of these compounds as efficient antifungal drugs. In addition, OCs were able to reduce the viability and the development of biofilms, a very important step in colonization and infection caused by fungi. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the effect of the Organoselenium Compounds (p-MeOPhSe)2, (PhSe)2, and (p-Cl-PhSe)2 on the development of dual-species biofilms of Candida albicans and Candida krusei produced using either RPMI-1640 or Sabouraud Dextrose Broth (SDB) media. The development of dual-species biofilms was evaluated by the determination of both metabolic activity, using a metabolic assay based on the reduction of XTT (2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide sodium salt) assay and identification of either Candida albicans and Candida krusei on CHROMagar Candida medium. Biofilm formation using RPMI-1640 was inhibited in 90, 55, and 20% by 30 µM (p-MeOPhSe)2, (PhSe)2, and (p-Cl-PhSe)2, respectively. However, biofilms produced using SDB presented an inhibition of 62, 30 and 15% in the presence of 30 µM (p-MeOPhSe)2, (PhSe)2, and (p-Cl-PhSe)2, respectively. The metabolic activity of 24 h biofilms was inhibited by 35, 30 and 20% by 30 µM (p-MeOPhSe)2, (PhSe)2, and (p-Cl-PhSe)2, respectively, with RPMI-1640; however, 24 h biofilms formed using SDB were not modified by the OCs. In addition, a great reduction in the number of CFUs of Candida albicans (93%) in biofilms produced using RPMI-1640 in the presence of 30 µM (p-MeOPhSe)2 was observed. However, biofilms formed using SDB and treated with 30 µM (p-MeOPhSe)2 presented a reduction of 97 and 69% in the number of CFUs of Candida albicans and Candida krusei, respectively. These results demonstrated that Organoselenium Compounds, mainly (p-MeOPhSe)2, are able to decrease the metabolic activity of dual-species biofilms by reducing both Candida albicans and Candida krusei cell number during biofilm formation using either RPMI-1640 or SDB. Taken together, these results demonstrated the potential of the OCs to inhibit the development of dual-species biofilms of Candida albicans and Candida krusei.