不孕不育仍然是一个全球性的挑战,随着辅助生殖技术(ART)在发展中国家的重要性逐渐提高,包括加纳。然而,相关的伦理法律挑战没有得到必要的政策关注。本研究探讨了加纳ART实践的法律和道德挑战。
■该研究采用了探索性现象学方法来检查加纳的ART,专注于规范这种做法的道德和法律。
■受访者是ART从业者,经理,设施所有者,代孕/配子捐助机构的代表,和监管机构代表。
■使用了半结构化的访谈指南来收集数据。深度采访被录音了,通过编码转录分析的响应,其次是主题和子主题的产生,支持直接报价。
■加纳没有艺术实践的道德和法律框架,这对艺术实践产生了不利影响。道德挑战确定了知情同意的边界,客户隐私和临床数据保护,gamete捐赠问题,多个妊娠,单身父母,社会和宗教问题。确定的法律挑战包括不存在规范ART实践的法律制度,以及缺乏具有明确的ART实践准则的专业机构。在加纳缺乏法律和道德框架的情况下,医生暗示他们在医疗实践中遵守国际公认的原则和一般道德。
■加纳没有关于ART的规定。法律和道德准则对于提供安全和成功的ART实践以保护提供者和用户至关重要。政府监管加纳的努力需要优先考虑。
■这项研究没有外部资金支持。它是由研究人员的捐款私人资助的。
UNASSIGNED: Infertility remains a global challenge, with assisted reproductive technology (ART) progressively gaining relevance in developing countries, including Ghana. However, associated ethico-legal challenges have not received the needed policy attention. This study explored the legal and ethical challenges of ART practice in Ghana.
UNASSIGNED: The study employed an exploratory phenomenological approach to examine ART in Ghana, focusing on ethics and law governing this practice.
UNASSIGNED: Respondents were ART practitioners, managers, facility owners, representatives of surrogacy/gamete donor agencies, and regulatory body representatives.
UNASSIGNED: A semi-structured interview guide was used to collect data.The in-depth interviews were audiotaped, and responses transcribed for analysis through coding, followed by generation of themes and sub-themes, supported with direct quotes.
UNASSIGNED: It emerged that there are no ethical and legal frameworks for ART practice in Ghana, and this adversely affects ART practice. Ethical challenges identified border on informed consent, clients\' privacy and clinical data protection, gamete donation issues, multiple gestations, single parenting, and social and religious issues. The legal challenges identified include the non-existence of a legal regime for regulating ART practice and the absence of a professional body with clear-cut guidelines on ART practice. In the absence of legal and ethical frameworks in Ghana, practitioners intimated they do comply with internationally accepted principles and general ethics in medical practice.
UNASSIGNED: There are no regulations on ART in Ghana. Legal and ethical guidelines are essential to the provision of safe and successful ART practices to protect providers and users. Governmental efforts to regulate Ghana need to be prioritized.
UNASSIGNED: This study had no external funding support. It was funded privately from researchers\' contributions.