Remote work

远程工作
  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    本文调查了大流行对支持海上活动的陆上团队的远程工作影响和学习。井的建设和维护涉及不可预测性,要求支持团队帮助钻井平台上的船员适应井的实际情况。人体工程学和人为因素(E/HF)文献介绍了COVID-19大流行远程工作对知识工作者健康和福祉的影响。尽管如此,它缺乏对工业部门工作活动影响的研究。
    由于安全知识是在专家的日常工作活动中不断发展和集体发展的,研究目标是确定远程工作对支持团队安全知识管理的影响和学习。
    人体工程学工作分析(EWA)指导问题的理解,活动观察,和数据分析。工作系统模型(WSM)是将117次访谈数据系统化的框架。
    结果表明,大流行期间的相互作用显着减少,使信息和安全知识共享更具挑战性,削弱了团队成员的合作。然而,没有报告对性能的影响。在家工作减少了干扰,增加了注意力,促进个人任务。
    该研究确定了团队为应对远程工作而制定的集体和个人策略。这些发现证实了管理文献关于减少互动的发现,阻碍非语言交流,增加数据量。然而,大流行期间使用的通信应用程序迅速扩展,允许更快地访问团队成员,改善陆上/海上连通性,并使其成为COVID-19封锁的宝贵遗产。
    UNASSIGNED: This paper investigates the pandemic remote work impacts and learning on onshore teams that support offshore activities. Wells construction and maintenance involve unpredictabilities, requiring support teams to help the crew onboard the rig to adapt the operations to the reality of the well. Ergonomics and Human Factors (E/HF) literature presented the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic remote work on knowledge workers\' health and well-being. Still, it lacked studies on the impacts on work activities of the industrial sector.
    UNASSIGNED: Since safety knowledge is continuously and collectively developed in the experts\' day-to-day work activities, the research objective is to identify the impacts and learnings of remote work on the support teams\' safety knowledge management.
    UNASSIGNED: The Ergonomic Work Analysis (EWA) guided the problem understanding, activities observations, and data analysis. The Work System Model (WSM) was the framework for systematizing data from 117 interviews.
    UNASSIGNED: The results indicate a significant reduction in interactions during the pandemic, making information and safety knowledge sharing more challenging and weakening team members\' cooperation. However, no impact on performance was reported. Working from home reduced interruptions and increased focus, facilitating individual tasks.
    UNASSIGNED: The research identifies collective and individual strategies developed by the team to cope with remote work. The findings confirm Management Literature findings on reducing interaction, hampering nonverbal communication, and increasing the amount of data. However, communication applications used during the pandemic have expanded rapidly, allowing faster access to team members, improving connectivity onshore/offshore, and making it a valuable legacy of the COVID-19 lockdown.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    自COVID-19以来,随着非接触式工作选项的使用不断增加,用户在工作中越来越多地在数字工具中分享他们的个人数据。使用实验性在线小插图研究(N=93),我们检查了用户使用视频会议工具的意愿,同时系统地改变使用环境(个人与低可信度工作vs.高可信度工作)和共享的信息类型(低与中等vs.高灵敏度)。我们还评估了用户在工作和个人使用环境中的责任感以及他们自我评估的数字能力。我们的结果强调,雇主的可信度是愿意使用第三方视频会议工具的重要因素,与那些具有低可信度的人相比,在具有高可信度的工作环境中使用这些工具的意愿增加。当要共享的数据具有高灵敏度时,这种影响似乎会减少,与中等和低灵敏度数据相比。此外,尽管与个人使用环境相比,工作中的数据保护责任减少了,在值得信赖的工作和个人使用环境之间,使用视频会议工具的意愿并没有降低。我们讨论了我们的发现及其对未来研究的方法论意义,并对工作中的隐私决策产生了影响。
    With the rising usage of contactless work options since COVID-19, users increasingly share their personal data in digital tools at work. Using an experimental online vignette study (N = 93), we examined users\' willingness to use a video conferencing tool, while systematically varying the context of use (personal vs. low trustworthiness work vs. high trustworthiness work) and the type of information shared (low vs. medium vs. high sensitivity). We also assessed users\' perceived responsibility in work and personal contexts of use and their self-assessed digital competence. Our results highlight employer trustworthiness as an important factor in the willingness to use a third-party video conferencing tool, with increased willingness to use these tools in work contexts of use with high trustworthiness compared to those with low trustworthiness. This effect seems to be reduced when the data to be shared is of high sensitivity, compared to medium and low sensitivity data. Furthermore, despite reduced responsibility for data protection in work compared to personal contexts of use, the willingness to use a video conferencing tool did not decrease between trustworthy work and personal contexts of use. We discuss our findings and their methodological implications for future research and derive implications for privacy decisions at work.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    技术进步和COVID-19危机加速了远程办公的采用,影响员工的工作动态。此外,老龄化的劳动力强调了可持续就业能力的必要性。参照作业需求-资源(JD-R)模型,这项研究探讨了远程办公与工作需求和工作资源的关系,随后,可持续就业能力。
    本研究调查了远程办公对员工可持续就业能力的影响。假设直接和间接(即,中介)关系,为基于证据的远程办公政策提供见解。
    通过在线调查收集了552名政府雇员的数据。数据收集发生在COVID-19大流行期间,当时普遍存在远程工作。采用路径模型来分析远程办公之间的关联,工作需求(特别是工作压力),工作资源(社会支持,职场沟通,和角色清晰度),和可持续就业能力维度,包括活力,工作能力,和就业能力。
    我们的路径模型表明,远程办公与工作压力升高和角色清晰度降低有关。令人惊讶的是,工作压力和可持续就业能力之间存在正相关关系。值得注意的是,远程办公之间没有显著的关系,社会支持,和工作场所的沟通。角色清晰可能是关键,积极影响活力和就业能力。
    这项研究为远程办公对工作需求的影响提供了有价值的见解,资源,可持续就业。工作压力与可持续就业能力之间意想不到的积极关联挑战了传统的压力源范式。远程办公之间的关系,工作要求,作业资源,本研究中发现的可持续就业能力可以促进基于证据的远程工作政策和策略,以支持员工健康和就业能力在不断发展的工作结构中。
    UNASSIGNED: Technological advancements and the COVID-19 crisis have accelerated the adoption of telework, impacting employees\' work dynamics. Moreover, an aging workforce emphasises the need for sustainable employability. With reference to the Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) Model, this study explores how telework relates to job demands and job resources and, subsequently, to sustainable employability.
    UNASSIGNED: The present study investigates the repercussions of increased telework on employees\' sustainable employability. Hypotheses posit direct and indirect (i.e., mediated) relationships, providing insights for evidence-based telework policies.
    UNASSIGNED: Data from 552 government employees was collected through an online survey. Data collection occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic when widespread teleworking was prevalent. A path model was employed to analyse associations between telework, job demands (specifically work pressure), job resources (social support, workplace communication, and role clarity), and sustainable employability dimensions, including vitality, work ability, and employability.
    UNASSIGNED: Our path model reveals that heightened telework was associated with elevated work pressure and diminished role clarity. Surprisingly, a positive association emerges between work pressure and sustainable employability. Notably, no significant relationship is found between telework, social support, and workplace communication. Role clarity is likely to be pivotal, positively influencing vitality and employability.
    UNASSIGNED: This study provides valuable insights into the effects of telework on job demands, resources, and sustainable employability. The unexpected positive association between work pressure and sustainable employability challenges conventional stressor paradigms. The relationships between telework, job demands, job resources, and sustainable employability uncovered in this study can contribute to evidence-based teleworking policies and strategies that support employee health and employability amidst evolving work structures.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    在COVID-19大流行开始时,许多工作场所过渡到远程工作,改变了生活方式。我们进行了一项荟萃分析,以了解由于大流行而导致的向在家工作的过渡是否影响了全球范围内的工人的身体活动和久坐行为。我们回顾了2019年11月至2022年5月发表的文章。在最初的3485篇文章中,总共包括17个,17个中的15个被纳入他们的身体活动(PA)比较(n=36,650),17个中的12个(n=57,254)被纳入他们的久坐行为(SB)比较(10个研究有PA和SB的数据)。这项工作是通过PROSPERO(CRD42022356000)注册的。在家工作导致PA显著降低(Hedge\sg=-0.29,95%CI[-0.41,-0.18])和SB增加(Hedge\sg=+0.36,95%CI[0.20,0.52])。在家工作的预防性活动行为受损,随着工作的未来超越大流行,这些结果与工人健康相关。
    At the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, many workplaces transitioned to remote work, which altered lifestyle behaviors. We conducted a meta-analysis to understand if the transition to working from home due to the pandemic affected workers\' physical activity and sedentary behavior worldwide. We reviewed articles published between November 2019 and May 2022. Of an initial 3485 articles, a total of 17 were included, 15 of 17 were included for their physical activity (PA) comparisons (n = 36,650), and 12 of 17 (n = 57,254) were included for their sedentary behavior (SB) comparisons (10 studies have data for both PA and SB). This work is registered through PROSPERO (CRD42022356000). Working from home resulted in a significant decrease in PA (Hedge\'s g = -0.29, 95% CI [-0.41, -0.18]) and an increase in SB (Hedge\'s g = +0.36, 95% CI [0.20, 0.52]). Working from home impaired preventative activity behaviors, and these results are relevant to worker health as the future of work evolves beyond the pandemic.
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  • 文章类型: Letter
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  • 文章类型: Editorial
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    在COVID-19大流行期间,全球向远程工作的转变加剧了学术界对远程工作者福祉的关注。尽管现有研究探索了远程工作的各种影响,通过社会差距和数字鸿沟的视角来理解远程工作者的福祉存在差距。将数字鸿沟奖学金扩展到远程工作环境,这项研究解开了为什么一些远程工作者比其他人体验更好的幸福感。我们在COVID-19大流行期间在韩国进行了两波纵向面板研究(第1波:2021年2月,第2波:2021年10月)。在参与两次浪潮的501名参与者中,我们发现,受教育程度较低的人不太可能有远程工作机会。我们将进一步的分析重点放在144名员工中,这些员工在具有典型层次结构的组织中拥有远程工作机会。我们发现,社会经济地位(SES)并没有直接影响远程工作人员的福祉,但通过促进使用信息和通信技术(ICT)的多样性间接影响了它。SES较高或使用信通技术更多样化的工人在虚拟组织沟通情况下表现出更低的脆弱性和更高的维持福祉的效率。这项研究强调了远程工作者福祉的社会差距,这源于SES的复杂相互作用,间接影响ICT使用的多样性,或者与虚拟组织沟通满意度和持续时间相互作用。这项研究通过重组有关社会分层和不断发展的工作环境中再现的数字鸿沟的理论讨论,推进了远程工作奖学金。
    The global shift to remote work during the COVID-19 pandemic has intensified scholarly attention to remote workers\' well-being. Although existing studies explore the varied impacts of remote work, there is a gap in understanding remote workers\' well-being through the lenses of social disparity and the digital divide. Extending digital divide scholarship to the remote work context, this study disentangles why some remote workers experience better well-being than others. We conducted a two-wave longitudinal panel study in South Korea during the COVID-19 pandemic (Wave 1: February 2021, Wave 2: October 2021). Among the 501 participants who participated in both waves, we found that individuals with lower education levels were less likely to have remote work opportunities. We focused our further analyses on a subset of 144 employees who had remote work opportunities within organizations with typical hierarchical structures. We found that socioeconomic status (SES) did not directly influence remote workers\' well-being but indirectly influenced it by contributing to the diversity in using information and communication technologies (ICTs). Workers with higher SES or more diversity in using ICTs demonstrated lower vulnerability and more effectiveness in maintaining their well-being in virtual organizational communication situations. This study highlights social disparities in remote workers\' well-being, which arise from the complex interplay of SES either indirectly influencing the diversity in ICT usage or interacting with virtual organizational communication satisfaction and duration. This study advances remote work scholarship by restructuring theoretical discussions on social stratification and the digital divide reproduced within the evolving work environment.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    本研究旨在确定远程工作的优点和缺点及其相关性,包括健康问题,在持有大学学位的黎巴嫩工人中。在2022年10月至2023年3月期间,在GoogleForms上创建了基于网络的横截面自我报告问卷,通过滚雪球抽样对230名参与者进行了调查。大多数受访者认识到远程办公的优点(67.03%)和缺点(66.34%),暗示对这种格式的复杂感受。尽管对远程工作的满意度有限,受访者承认与远程工作相关的优势;特别是,年轻,体力活动较少,受过更多教育的参与者比同行更重视远程工作。对远程工作的优点和缺点的平均看法并没有随着参与者的工作状态而显著变化(混合,在线,和亲自)。研究显示,持续睡眠困难的患病率很高(35.7%)。有限的定期体力活动(60.4%),与工作有关的肌肉骨骼疾病(48.7%),背痛(5.7%),黎巴嫩工人的视觉障碍(48%)。尽管对远程工作的满意度有限,受访者承认节省成本和时间等优势。年长的工人表现出了对远程办公的偏好,可能是由于它对福祉的影响。教育等因素,职业满意度,以前的远程工作经验影响了个人对远程工作好处的看法。
    This study aimed to identify the perceived advantages and drawbacks of teleworking and their correlates, including health problems, among Lebanese workers holding a university degree. A web-based cross-sectional self-report questionnaire created on Google Forms was used to survey 230 participants through snowball sampling between October 2022 and March 2023. The majority of respondents recognized both the advantages (67.03%) and drawbacks (66.34%) associated with teleworking, suggesting mixed feelings toward this format. Despite the limited satisfaction with teleworking, respondents acknowledged the advantages associated with remote working; in particular, younger, less physically active, and more educated participants valued teleworking more than their counterparts. The mean perception of advantages and drawbacks of telework did not significantly change with participants\' work status (hybrid, online, and in-person). The study revealed a high prevalence of consistent sleeping difficulty (35.7%), limited regular physical activity (60.4%), work-related musculoskeletal disorders (48.7%), back pain (5.7%), and visual disorders (48%) among Lebanese workers. Despite the limited satisfaction with teleworking, respondents acknowledged advantages such as cost and time savings. Older workers showed a preference against teleworking, potentially due to its impact on well-being. Factors such as education, career satisfaction, and prior teleworking experience influenced individuals\' perceptions of telework benefits.
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  • 文章类型: Editorial
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    背景:COVID-19大流行导致我们的工作生活和工作条件发生了巨大变化。这些变化可能会对多发性硬化症(PwMS)患者产生不同的影响。我们旨在描述PwMS在COVID-19大流行期间的工作情况以及大流行对其工作生活的影响。
    方法:瑞典多发性硬化症登记处列出的所有20-50岁的个体都被邀请参加2021年的在线调查。在这项探索性混合方法研究中,使用了与个人水平注册数据相关的封闭式和开放式响应。报告具体影响的比例差异通过性别卡方检验进行评估,MS严重性,教育,和职业。通过内容分析对开放式答案进行了分析。
    结果:邀请了超过8500个PwMS(52%的应答率)。我们包括3887名受访者,他们回答了有关大流行对工作生活影响的问题。大多数(93.7%)报告从事有偿工作。持续的大流行对一个人的日常职业的影响报告为26.2%,在不同的影响中观察到不同的特征。从开放式答案中确定了四类答案:对职业的直接影响,在工作场所公开或隐瞒MS,忧虑和不确定性,对生活状况的影响更大。
    结论:PwMS通过中断和继续他们的工作生活来应对大流行。许多PwMS报告说,大流行并没有影响他们的工作状况。然而,参与者之间报告的影响不同,他们的陈述往往是不确定感和担忧感。大流行的经验教训可能会支持未来的工作参与。
    BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic led to vast changes in working life and conditions in which we work. These changes may affect people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) differently. We aimed to describe the working situation of PwMS during the COVID-19 pandemic and the pandemic\'s impact on their working lives.
    METHODS: All individuals aged 20-50 listed in the Swedish Multiple Sclerosis Registry were invited to participate in an online survey in 2021. Closed and open-ended responses linked to individual-level register data were used in this exploratory mixed-methods study. Differences in the proportions reporting specific impacts were assessed with chi-square tests by sex, MS severity, education, and profession. The open-ended answers were analysed through content analysis.
    RESULTS: Over 8500 PwMS were invited (52% response rate). We included the 3887 respondents who answered questions about the impact of the pandemic on working life. Most (93.7%) reported being in paid work. An impact of the ongoing pandemic to one\'s daily occupation was reported by 26.2%, with different characteristics observed across the impacts. Four categories of type of answers were identified from the open-ended answers: Direct impact on one\'s occupation, Disclosing or concealing MS in the workplace, Worry and uncertainty, and Broader impact to life situation.
    CONCLUSIONS: PwMS navigated the pandemic by interrupting as well as continuing their working lives. Many PwMS reported that the pandemic did not affect their work situation. However, the reported impacts differed among the participants and a sense of uncertainty and worry was often underlying their statements. Lessons from the pandemic may support future work participation.
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