这项研究旨在确定Bal路支省绵羊的分子患病率和相关危险因素,巴基斯坦。为此,总共从Bal路支省三个不同区域的蜱虫感染绵羊中收集了408份血液样本(即,奎达,Zhob,和洛拉莱)。使用常规显微镜技术分析所有收集的样品,聚合酶链反应(PCR),18S小亚基rRNA基因测序,和系统发育分析。显微镜和PCR结果证实Zhob地区的Theileria物种患病率最高(14.22%和15.68%),其次是Loralai地区(11.52%和13.97%)和Quetta地区(10.29%和12.00%),分别。此外,雌羊中的斑口孢菌患病率较高(84.12%),其次是研究区域的成年绵羊(74.71%)和Hernai绵羊(28.23%)。同样,夏季theileriosis的患病率较高(40.59%),接着是春天,秋天,和冬季。然而,许多风险因素,如年龄,性别,area,季节,和绵羊品种的存在没有显着相关(P>0.05)。除蜱的丰度和动物的摄食方式外(P<0.05)。此外,对分离的LestoquardiT.Lestoquardi的测序和系统发育分析显示,与德国分离株具有99%的序列相似性,埃及,伊拉克,印度,伊朗,和巴基斯坦。总之,这些结果表明,在Bal路支省,T.lestoquardi是引起绵羊Theileriosis的主要物种。因此,需要进行大规模研究,以设计实用的控制方法,以降低Bal路支省的Theileriosis感染风险,巴基斯坦。
This study aimed to determine the molecular prevalence and associated risk factors of theileriosis in sheep from Balochistan, Pakistan. For this purpose, a total of 408 blood samples were collected from tick-infested sheep in three different zones of Balochistan (i.e., Quetta, Zhob, and Loralai). All the collected samples were analyzed using conventional microscopy techniques, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), 18S small subunit rRNA gene sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis. The results of the microscopy and PCR confirmed the highest prevalence of Theileria species in district Zhob (14.22% and 15.68%) followed by district Loralai (11.52% and 13.97%) and district Quetta (10.29% and 12.00%), respectively. In addition, the prevalence of T. lestoquardi was higher in female sheep (84.12%), followed by adult sheep (74.71%) and the Hernai breed of sheep (28.23%) in the studied area. Similarly, the prevalence of theileriosis was higher in the summer season (40.59%), followed by the spring, autumn, and winter seasons. However, numerous risk factors such as age, sex, area, season, and breeds of the sheep were not significantly correlated (P > 0.05) with the presence of T. lestoquardi, except tick abundance and feeding pattern of animals (P < 0.05). Furthermore, sequencing and phylogenetic analyses of the isolated T. lestoquardi displayed 99% sequence similarity with isolates from Germany, Egypt, Iraq, India, Iran, and Pakistan. Altogether these results showed that T. lestoquardi is the main species causing ovine theileriosis in Balochistan. As a result, large-scale studies are required to design practical control approaches to reduce the risk of theileriosis infection in Balochistan, Pakistan.