UNASSIGNED: Pedagogically sound curricula are needed for occupational therapy (OT) students to adopt evidence-based practice (EBP) principles and internalise EBP within their professional identities. Exploring students\' perceptions of this knowledge area can contribute to effective curriculum design.
UNASSIGNED: To explore the evolution of pre-registration OT student perceptions of research and EBP over the course of their engagement with undergraduate teaching and learning.
UNASSIGNED: The Q-sort approach synthesises different viewpoints regarding a sample of statements, using by-person factor analysis (respondents = variables; statements = sample). Final year pre-registration OT students completed the same Q-sort at three timepoints (pre-dissertation [n = 18]; post-dissertation submission [n = 12]; post-student research conference [n = 6]). Q-sort responses were intercorrelated and factor-analysed; extraction of factors with an eigenvalue of ¬>0.9 and varimax rotation identified majority viewpoints.
UNASSIGNED: Significant factors were revealed at each timepoint: 1a: \'Evidence-inseparable from OT practice\', 1b: \'Research for research\'s sake-inseparable from the occupational therapy identity\', 2: \'Who am I to question the gurus?\', 3: \'I can do it with confidence…but so what?\'
UNASSIGNED: Opportunities for completing \'authentic\' student research projects, with \'ownership\' of results, may enhance research and EBP confidence and professional identity.
UNASSIGNED: Findings expand current knowledge regarding effective use of pre-registration educational opportunities to support future research and EBP.

UNASSIGNED: To evaluate oncology nurses\' knowledge, attitudes, barriers and practices regarding the prevention and management of cancer therapy-associated oral mucositis.
UNASSIGNED: A systematic review was conducted by ​mixed-methods; searches were conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, Medline, CINAHL, Cochrane Library and Web of Science databases. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed for the systematic review. Searched relevant literature ​published in English between January 2000 and December 2023. The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool was used to evaluate the quality of the studies.
UNASSIGNED: A total of 15 studies were included: 10 cross-sectional studies, 4 non-randomized controlled trials, and one qualitative study. This review provides an overview of the studies: nurses had limited knowledge of cancer therapy-associated oral mucositis; generally positive attitudes towards oral care; there is a slight difference in oral care practices. The main barriers of nurses\' prevention and management of cancer therapy-associated oral mucositis were lack of time, lack of knowledge, and lack of staff.
UNASSIGNED: Our results highlight the importance of training for oncology nurses regarding the management of cancer therapy-associated oral mucositis. It is suggested that oncology nurses should focus on strengthening and continuing education in oral care, adopting evidence-based practice and evaluation systems, implementing institution-specific written standards for oral care protocols, and promoting multidisciplinary team cooperation.

Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection presents a significant threat to global health with serious associated morbidities. This study aimed to assess awareness, attitudes, and practices related to HP in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) through a survey-based cross-sectional study involving 2,541 respondents. We used a structured online questionnaire to gather data on personal and sociodemographic characteristics, as well as HP-related knowledge, attitudes, and practices. The survey was distributed through various social media platforms. The results revealed that 59.4% of respondents demonstrated good knowledge about HP, with a mean knowledge score of 3.7 ± 1.0 out of 5. Knowledge gaps were particularly evident regarding the contagiousness and transmission modes of HP. The mean attitude score was 12.2 ± 2.2 out of a maximum score of 15. In total, 37.6% of respondents reported ever being tested for HP, with 54.2% testing positive. Among those treated for HP, only 79% received antibiotic therapy and 37.8% received acid-reducing medications. Knowledge levels were significantly higher among younger and highly educated respondents (P < 0.001), and respondents with higher knowledge scores also had higher attitude scores than those with lower knowledge scores (12.6 ± 2.0 vs. 11.6 ± 2.0, P < 0.001). Individuals who had undergone HP testing had significantly higher knowledge levels than those who did not (62.3 vs. 57.8, P = 0.024). These findings underscore the urgent need for raising the population\'s awareness regarding the risks, prevention, and management of HP infection through targeted educational strategies.

BACKGROUND: Depression is present in all societies and affects members of all racial and ethnic groups. However, attitudes about depression differ across groups and have been shown to impact help-seeking behaviors, preferences for treatments, and compliance with treatments.
METHODS: Taking a cross-cultural approach, this project used a case vignette of depression to examine race/ethnic group differences in attitudes about depression and its treatment among young adults in the U.S.
RESULTS: Data analyses revealed significant racial/ethnic group differences in attitudes as well as the treatments/strategies participants reported they would use. Gender x race/ethnicity interactions revealed that White and Multiracial/ethnic men were more likely to believe the vignette character should find a partner to help with symptoms, while White and Multiracial/ethnic women did not endorse those strategies. Hispanic men and women did not show a gender difference in that strategy, but gender differences were observed in other strategies. In a rare comparison, majority-minority Multiracial/ethnic participants (i.e., White selected as one of their races/ethnicities) rated identified helpers and treatments similarly to White participants and significantly higher than multiple-minority Multiracial participants (i.e., White not selected as one of their races/ethnicities).
CONCLUSIONS: Findings supported previous research that indicates different U.S. racial/ethnic group ideas of depression and its treatment are potentially linked with cultural values, and we suggest that investigating these more fine-grained group differences can help to inform treating professionals as well as public health messages.

UNASSIGNED: Prolificacy has become an important breeding goal in sheep farming to increase farm profitability. With the adoption of improved genetics and management practices leading to increased lambing percentages, the proportion of triplet-born lambs has also increased on farms. However, mortality rates of triplet lambs are higher than for single- and twin-born lambs, and additional management inputs may be needed to support survival. The aim of this study was to identify factors that affect management practices that are considered important for triplet lamb survival by commercial farmers from the United Kingdom (UK), the Ireland (IRE), and New Zealand (NZ).
UNASSIGNED: An online survey was developed and disseminated to farmers in each country, focusing on farmer demographics, flock characteristics, management practices and production outcomes. A total of 448 farmers completed the survey, from the UK (n = 168), IRE (n = 218), and NZ (n = 62).
UNASSIGNED: Respondents had larger flocks, higher scanning and lambing percentages than the country average for the UK and IRE. The mean percentage of triplet litters born within flocks was 9%, and lambs lost between scanning and lambing were 14% for UK, 15% for IRE, and 25% for NZ respondents (P = 0.063). Overall, 60% of all respondents reported to lamb indoors and 40% lambed outdoors, however NZ farmers almost exclusively lambed outdoors, whereas UK and IRE farmers lambed in both systems (P < 0.001). NZ farmers were more likely to rear all triplet lambs with the ewe, whereas UK and IRE farmers were more likely to remove a lamb to rear by another ewe or artificially (P < 0.001). Factors that influenced triplet lamb management practices of respondents in this study were respondent country of origin, flock size, age, and gender. In general, younger respondents (P < 0.001), and female respondents (P < 0.05), were more likely to engage in management activities that were considered to promote better triplet lamb survival, compared to older and male respondents respectively. These practices were associated with better lamb survival reported by respondents but were less likely to be carried out when flock size increased (P < 0.001).
UNASSIGNED: The results of this survey highlight future priorities or communication strategies needed to improve triplet lamb survival.

UNASSIGNED: In this study, physicians\' awareness of phytovigilance and their knowledge of safety processes for herbal products were evaluated for the first time in Türkiye.
UNASSIGNED: A descriptive quantitative study was conducted using face-to-face interview techniques with physicians working in a training and research hospital in Türkiye. A total of 268 (35.2%) questionnaires with appropriate data quality were analyzed with IBM SPSS Statistics 23.0. The factors that had the strongest effect on phytovigilance awareness were determined by binary logistic regression analysis. Values of p < 0.05 were accepted as statistically significant.
UNASSIGNED: The survey results revealed that 45.5% of physicians were aware of the concept of phytovigilance. Physicians who knew that adverse effects were reported due to the use of herbal products, physicians who asked about the use of herbal products while taking their patients\' medical history, and specialist physicians had higher awareness of the concept of phytovigilance. Only 30.2% of participants were aware that feedback on adverse reactions from herbal products was being collected and only 27.2% were aware that there was a phytovigilance contact point in the hospital.
UNASSIGNED: The awareness of physicians regarding phytovigilance should be increased. Physicians should ask about the use of herbal products while taking medical history, identify possible adverse effects associated with herbal products, and provide feedback.

UNASSIGNED: Tuberculosis preventive treatment (TPT) is an important strategy for tuberculosis (TB) control. Rheumatic diseases (RD) patients are at high risk for active TB development. More researches are needed in terms of patient compliance in clinical practice. This study aims to explore the potential difficulties and obstacles in latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) screening and TPT in RD patients.
UNASSIGNED: Convenience sampling was used to recruit RD outpatients who had indications for LTBI screening and TPT. All participants were given questionnaires on knowledge and attitudes regarding screening and preventive treatment of LTBI.
UNASSIGNED: Of the 200 RD patients, most people were aware that they were at increased risk of ATB due to their rheumatic disease and knew that TB was curable. The main association with willingness to have screening for LTBI was tertiary education (P = 0.013). The main association with willingness to take treatment for LTBI was a sense of personal risk and belief that the treatment would reduce risk of ATB (P < 0.001). More than half of the people surveyed could not accept taking 6 or more pills per day, while more than half of the patients could tolerate a treatment course of 9 months or longer. Most (65.4%) preferred their own rheumatologists to initiate treatment.
UNASSIGNED: Educating RD patients about their individual risks of TB and the side effects of treatment, and educating/empowering rheumatologists to discuss these aspects with their patients and to offer LTBI screening and treatment, may help improve patients\' compliance with LTBI screening and TPT.

BACKGROUND: Patients\' health outcomes can be positively affected by the oral care provided by intensive care unit (ICU) nurses. Providing effective oral care for intubated patients is a challenging task. The purpose of this study was to examine the knowledge, attitudes, and practices(KAP) of oral care among ICU nurses for intubated patients, as well as the underlying factors that influence these behaviors.
METHODS: This cross-sectional survey was conducted on 200 nurses from adult ICUs in referral hospitals located in the central eighth area of healthcare management in Iran. The timeframe for data collection was April to June in 2023. Data were collected by questionnaires which consisted of four sections: demographic information, knowledge, attitudes and practices of oral care for intubated patients. The Pearson Correlation Coefficient was employed to determine the correlation between KAP and its main variables, which were distributed normally.
RESULTS: The result showed that nurses were 32.19 ± 6.23 years old, with an average total work experience of 8.91 ± 5.54 years and an average ICU work experience of 5.89 ± 4.31 years. The mean KAP score were17.66 ± 3.04, 15.46 ± 4.23, and 7.57 ± 2.21, respectively. The knowledge of nurses was significantly impacted by their level of education (p = 0.04), and an increase in work experience each year was associated with improved attitudes among nurses (p = 0.04). A significant association was found between the nurses\' oral care practice, knowledge (p = 0.03), and attitude (p = 0.04).
CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed that ICU nurses possess a moderate level of knowledge, a higher-than-average level of practice, and they have a favorable attitude towards giving oral care to intubated patients. Therefore, providing continuous education about oral care is essential for ICU nurses.

Explorations of the current attitudes and practices of dietitians regarding the gut microbiota in health are scarce. In this online survey, we assessed the attitudes and practices of dietitians across Europe concerning gut microbiome parameters and the manipulation of the gut microbiota. Pre-graduate dietetic students and other professionals were also invited to participate. The potential interest and preferences of the participants for future educational initiatives about the gut microbiota and the educational resources used were further explored. A total of 179 full responses were recorded (dietitians, n = 155), mainly from the southern and western regions. Most of the participants (>90.0%) believed that probiotics and prebiotics have a place in nutritional practice and that fermented foods with live microbial cultures should be a part of food-based dietary guidelines. A strong belief in the beneficial roles of probiotics and prebiotics in some health situations was also reported among the participants. Most of the dietitians recognised the importance of gut microbiota manipulation and advised the use of probiotics and prebiotics in dietary practice, and they felt quite confident applying the relevant information in their daily practice. Nevertheless, misconceptions were identified, and further guideline-oriented education is necessary. The interest in future e-learning initiatives was high among the participants, and the sources of knowledge, educative formats, and potential areas for further educational efforts were indicated.

The decision to euthanize a compromised pig can be challenging for pig farmers and veterinarians. To understand more about the challenges in Germany, a cross-sectional online survey was conducted. Based on a hybrid design, the responses of 39 veterinarians and 62 pig farmers were analyzed to generate a list of common clinical signs associated with the euthanasia of sows, fatteners, and piglets. Moreover, a set of influences on the farm, due to economic and personal considerations, were found to shape the decision-making process. The two most salient reasons outlined for the delay of timely euthanasia were uncertainty and misinterpretation of the chance for healing. The lack of valid clinical signs or a sound justification was most frequently mentioned as a challenge to the general decision-making process. In summation, this study highlights the need to generate a valid taxonomy for clinical signs that includes their development in a compromised pig over time. Future studies should elaborate on the justification of euthanasia decisions to facilitate the resolution of ethical dilemmas among the involved pig farmers and veterinarians. Lastly, the results suggest that clinical reasoning and consultation skills should be included when decision-making behavior is to be trained.