阿片类药物是最有效的镇痛药,在治疗急性和慢性疼痛中至关重要。这些关键药物之间的界限,以及它们在滥用等情况下如何被使用,误用,需要理解药物错误,因为这会影响他们的安全,功效,和使用方式。本系统评价的目的是确定已知的滥用导致的不良事件,误用,以及与阿片类药物使用相关的用药错误。在PubMed®中进行了系统的搜索,Scopus®和,EBSCO®数据库检索从开始到2023年12月报告滥用的研究,误用,以及与药物阿片类药物使用相关的用药错误。两位作者使用Covidence®软件根据资格独立筛选标题和摘要以及全文。全文由两名独立审稿人审查,第三审稿人解决了分歧。偏差的风险是由JBI的关键评估工具评估的。根据标题和摘要筛选了934篇文章。然后,共选取151篇文章进行全文筛选。其中,34项研究有资格纳入本综述。纳入的研究在人口规模上差异很大,从9个人到298,433名患者,涵盖了不同的人口,包括所有年龄和性别。这些研究一致报道了一系列与阿片类药物使用相关的不良事件。芬太尼,吗啡,羟考酮,曲马多,和氢可酮经常被牵连。该领域的数据异质性导致了得出结论的挑战。审查强调了一些阿片类药物,尤其是芬太尼,吗啡,和羟考酮,经常与可预防的药物不良反应有关,滥用,和用药错误,强调需要采取强有力的预防措施和正在进行的研究,以减轻阿片类药物相关的伤害。
Opioids are the strongest analgesics available and are crucial in the treatment of acute and chronic pain. The line between these critical medications and how they are used beyond standard therapeutics in cases such as abuse, misuse, and medication errors needs to be understood, as it affects their safety, efficacy, and manner of use. The aim of this systematic review was to identify what is known about the adverse events resulting from the abuse, misuse, and medication errors associated with opioid use. A systematic search was conducted in the PubMed®, Scopus® and, EBSCO® databases to retrieve studies from the inception to December 2023 reporting abuse, misuse, and medication errors associated with medicinal opioid use. Two authors independently screened titles and abstracts and full text according to eligibility using Covidence® software. Full articles were examined by two independent reviewers, and disagreements were resolved by a third reviewer. The risk of bias was assessed by the JBI\'s critical appraisal tools. A total of 934 articles were screened by their title and abstract. Then, 151 articles were selected for full text screening. Of these, 34 studies were eligible for inclusion in this review. The included studies varied significantly in their population sizes, ranging from 9 individuals to 298,433 patients, and encompassed a diverse demographic, including all ages and both sexes. The studies consistently reported a range of adverse events associated with opioid use. Fentanyl, morphine, oxycodone, tramadol, and hydrocodone were frequently implicated. The data heterogeneity in this field resulted in challenges in drawing conclusions. The review highlights that some opioids, particularly fentanyl, morphine, and oxycodone, are frequently associated with preventable adverse drug reactions, abuse, and medication errors, underscoring the need for robust preventative measures and ongoing research to mitigate opioid-related harm.