目的研究在使用不同强度训练负荷制度的两个月中,搏击式混合武术(MMA)运动员的功能指标和身体成分参数的变化以及许多生化血液指标的特殊性,并确定评估这些训练条件下适应性身体变化的最有用的标准。
我们检查了40名年龄在20-22岁之间的MMA运动员(男子),他们在比赛中主要使用罢工格斗风格,并将其分为2个研究小组(A和B),每组20名运动员。A组运动员使用中等强度(Ra=0.64),B组高强度(Ra=0.72)训练负荷制度。为了评估适应性身体变化,我们应用了最大肌肉力量增长(1RM)的控制测试方法,特殊训练(30秒对人体模型的精确踢次数),和生物制药。通过监测生化参数(睾酮,皮质醇,肌酐,磷,钙,胆固醇,LDH)在运动员的血清中,我们确定了对训练负荷的适应性补偿性身体反应的特殊性。
在研究期间,B组运动员的特殊训练获得的结果平均增加了10.5%,但与基础数据相比,A组参与者的结果没有显著变化。在B组的研究2个月后,最大肌肉力量增长的发展平均增加了44.4%。B组运动员在研究期间的体脂和无脂质量指标也有积极变化,比A组的结果高两倍。实验室研究和相关性分析显示了信息丰富的生化标记(皮质醇,睾丸激素和肌酐)用于在使用高,中训练负荷制度之前评估两组运动员的状况。在研究开始时评估运动员对高强度物理刺激的适应性补偿反应的生化指标是LDH和胆固醇的指标,在中等强度的条件下,它是LDH,睾丸激素和皮质醇。研究2个月后,评估负荷前适应过程的一组生化标志物仅在B组运动员中完全改变,由LDH组成。磷,胆固醇,和钙。同时,与研究开始时记录的数据相比,B组运动员训练后评估适应性-代偿反应的一组生化标准完全改变.
定义用于评估罢工格斗风格的MMA运动员的适应性补偿变化的最佳标准集,将允许在最短的时间内纠正训练负荷制度的参数,以在特殊力量训练过程中加速身体功能。
To study the peculiarities of changes in functional indicators and body composition parameters of mixed martial arts (MMA) athletes of strike fighting style and a number of biochemical blood indicators during two months of using different intensity training load regimes, and to determine the most informative criteria for assessing adaptive body changes in these training conditions.
We examined 40 MMA athletes (men) aged 20-22, who used mainly strike fighting style in their competitive activity, and divided them into 2 research groups (A and B), 20 athletes in each group. Group A athletes used medium intensity (R a = 0.64), and group B-high intensity (R a = 0.72) training load regime. To assess the adaptive body changes we applied methods of control testing of maximum muscle strength growth (1 RM), special training (the number of accurate kicks on the mannequin for 30 s), and bioimpedansometry. By monitoring biochemical parameters (testosterone, cortisol, creatinine, phosphorus, calcium, cholesterol, LDH) in the blood serum of athletes, we determined the peculiarities of adaptive-compensatory body reactions in response to training loads.
The obtained results of special training increased during the study period by an average of 10.5% in group B athletes, but group A participants\' results had no significant changes compared to basal data. The largest increase in the development of maximum muscle strength growth by an average of 44.4% was recorded after 2 months of research in group B. Group B athletes also had positive changes in body fat and fat-free mass indicators during the study which were two times higher than the results of group A. The laboratory studies and correlation analysis showed informative biochemical markers (cortisol, testosterone and creatinine) for assessing the condition of athletes in both groups before using high and medium training load regimes. The biochemical markers for assessing the adaptive-compensatory reactions of athletes in response to high-intensity physical stimuli at the beginning of the study were indicators of LDH and cholesterol, and in conditions of medium intensity it was LDH, testosterone and cortisol. After 2 months of study the set of biochemical markers assessing the adaptation processes before the load completely changed only in group B athletes and consisted of LDH, phosphorus, cholesterol, and calcium. At the same time, the set of biochemical criteria for assessing adaptive-compensatory reactions after training in group B athletes was completely changed compared with the data recorded at the beginning of the study.
Defining the optimal set of criteria for assessing the adaptive-compensatory changes in MMA athletes of strike fighting style will allow in the shortest possible time to correct the parameters of the training load regime for accelerating the body functionality in the process of special power training.