背景:法医生物学是法医学领域的一门学科,强调实验室技能的实践教学和培训。脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)谱的可视化在个体识别中很重要,并且易于由训练有素的检查者进行。因此,开发一个新的培训项目来获得个体DNA谱可以提高医学生或受训者的教学质量。基于快速响应(QR)代码的DNA图谱也可以应用于实践教学和操作培训中,以进行个体识别。
方法:通过法医生物学的实验课程开发了一个新颖的培训项目。血液样本和口腔上皮细胞口腔拭子,用于法医DNA实验室,是从福建医科大学的医学生那里获得的。DNA被分离,和许多短串联重复序列(STR)基因座被用作遗传标记以生成DNA图谱。学生将DNA图谱和个人信息转换为QR码。然后可以通过移动电话扫描QR码用于咨询和检索。制作了带有QR码的基因身份证,并提供给每个学生。计算了参加小说培训项目的学生的参与率和通过率,并与传统实验课程的学生进行了比较。采用SPSS23.0软件进行卡方检验对教学效果进行评价。p<0.05表示显著差异。此外,进行了一项调查,以调查将来使用带有QR码的基因身份证的可能性.
结果:研究法医生物学的91名医学生中,共有54名参加了2021年的新培训项目。在2020年,研究法医生物学的78名学生中只有31名参加了传统的实验课程。新型培训项目的参与率比传统实验课程高24%。新培训项目的参与者在法医生物处理技术方面表现更好。新培训项目的法医生物学课程的学生通过率比以前课程的学生高出约17%。两组的参与率和通过率差异有统计学意义(χ=6.452,p=0.008,χ=11.043,p=0.001)。在新颖的培训项目中,所有参与者制作了54张带有QR码的基因身份证.此外,在参与的四名非洲学生的DNA图谱中,我们发现了两个亚洲人没有发现的罕见等位基因。调查显示,使用带有二维码的基因身份证被大多数参与者接受,未来利用的可能性为78%。
结论:我们建立了一个新颖的培训项目,以促进医学生在实验法医生物学课程中的学习活动。参与者对使用带有QR码的基因身份证来存储一般的个人身份信息和DNA图谱表现出极大的兴趣。他们还根据DNA图谱检查了不同种族之间的遗传种群差异。因此,新颖的培训项目可能对培训讲习班有用,法医实验课程,和医学大数据研究。
BACKGROUND: Forensic biology is a subject in the field of forensic science that stresses practical teaching and training in laboratory skills. Visualization of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) profiles is important in individual identification and is easily performed by well-trained examiners. Therefore, developing a novel training project for obtaining individual DNA profiles can improve the quality of teaching for medical students or trainees. DNA profiles based on quick response (QR) codes can also be applied to practical teaching and operation training for individual identification.
METHODS: A novel training project was developed through an experimental course in forensic biology. Blood samples and buccal swabs with oral epithelial cells, as used in the forensic DNA laboratory, were obtained from medical students at Fujian Medical University. DNA was isolated, and a number of short tandem repeat (STR) loci were used as genetic markers to generate DNA profiles. The students converted DNA profiles and individual information into a QR code. The QR code could then be scanned by a mobile phone for consulting and retrieval. Gene identity cards with QR codes were produced and provided to every student. The participation rate and passing rate of students who participated in the novel training project were calculated and compared with those of students in the traditional experimental course, and a chi-square test was carried out by SPSS 23.0 software to evaluate the teaching effectiveness. p < 0.05 indicated significant differences. In addition, a survey was conducted to investigate the likelihood of using of gene identity cards with QR codes in the future.
RESULTS: A total of 54 of 91 medical students who studied forensic biology participated in the novel training project in 2021. Only 31 of 78 students who studied forensic biology participated in the traditional experimental course in 2020. The participation rate in the novel training project was 24% higher than that of the traditional experimental course. The participants in the novel training project showed better performance in forensic biological handling techniques. The passing rate of the students in the forensic biology course with the novel training project was approximately 17% higher than that of the students in the former course. The participation rates and passing rates of the two groups were significantly different (χ = 6.452, p = 0.008 and χ = 11.043, p = 0.001). In the novel training project, all participants made 54 gene identity cards with QR codes. Furthermore, in the DNA profiles of four African students who participated, we found two rare alleles that were not discovered in Asians. The survey showed that the use of gene identity cards with QR codes was accepted by most participants, and the likelihood of future utilization was 78%.
CONCLUSIONS: We established a novel training project to promote the learning activities of medical students in experimental forensic biology courses. The participants showed great interest in using gene identity cards with QR codes to store general individual identity information and DNA profiles. They also examined the genetic population differences between different races based on DNA profiles. Hence, the novel training project could be useful for training workshops, forensic experimental courses, and medical big data research.