大熊猫是世界上最稀有的动物之一。皮肤病严重危害大熊猫的健康,被认为是其发病的第二主要原因。皮肤微生物是一个复杂的生态系统,细菌在大熊猫皮肤上的群落结构和致病潜力仍不清楚。为了了解圈养大熊猫的皮肤细菌菌群,通过16SrRNA基因测序对不同季节采集的大熊猫皮肤样本中的微生物群进行了分析。总的来说,从53个细菌门中检测到522个属,与变形杆菌(40.5%),放线菌(23.1%),Firmicutes(21.1%),拟杆菌(9.5%),蓝细菌(2.1%),以Thermi(1.2%)为主的门和链球菌(13.9%),不动杆菌(9.2%),葡萄球菌(2.9%),假单胞菌(5.9%),皮肤病(4.8%),短杆菌属(2.9%),埃希氏菌(2.7%),金杆菌(2.1%),节杆菌(1.6%),Kocuria(1.5%),嗜冷杆菌(1.2%),异常球菌(1.1%),和黄杆菌(1.1%)为主要属。结果表明,冬季的多样性低于其他季节,秋季高于其他季节。春季的丰度明显高于其他季节。在健康大熊猫的皮肤微生物群中,几种与皮肤疾病相关的细菌被检测为机会主义者。在这项研究中,结果表明,皮肤细菌的高度多样性和丰度可能增加了秋季和春季皮肤病的发生,皮肤病相关细菌是皮肤微生物群的正常成分。
The giant panda is one of the rarest animals in the world. Skin diseases seriously endanger the health of giant panda and are considered the second major cause of its morbidity. Skin microbiota is a complex ecosystem, and the community structure and the pathogenic potential of bacteria on giant panda skin remain largely unclear. In order to understand the skin bacterial flora of captive giant pandas, the microbiota in giant panda skin samples collected during different seasons was profiled via 16S rRNA gene sequencing. In total, 522 genera from 53 bacterial phyla were detected, with Proteobacteria (40.5%), Actinobacteria (23.1%), Firmicutes (21.1%), Bacteroidetes (9.5%), Cyanobacteria (2.1%), and Thermi (1.2%) as the predominant phyla and Streptococcus (13.9%), Acinetobacter (9.2%), Staphylococcus (2.9%), Pseudomonas (5.9%), Dermacoccus (4.8%), Brachybacterium (2.9%), Escherichia (2.7%), Chryseobacterium (2.1%), Arthrobacter (1.6%), Kocuria (1.5%), Psychrobacter (1.2%), Deinococcus (1.1%), and Flavobacterium (1.1%) as the predominant genera. The results indicated that the diversity was lower in winter than in other seasons and higher in autumn than in other seasons, and the abundance in spring was significantly higher than that in other seasons. Several skin disease-associated bacteria were detected as opportunists in the skin microbiota of healthy giant pandas. In this study, the results indicated that the high diversity and abundance of the skin bacteria may have enhanced the occurrence of skin disease in autumn and spring and that skin disease-associated bacteria are the normal components of the skin microbiota.