采用异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)制备了乙烯基封端的阳离子水性聚氨酯(CWPU),聚碳酸酯二醇(PCDL),N-甲基二乙醇胺(MDEA),和三羟甲基丙烷(TMP)为原料,甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯(HEMA)为封端剂。然后,以CWPU为种子乳液,采用核壳乳液聚合法制备了以聚氨酯(PU)为壳,含氟丙烯酸酯(PA)为核的交联FPUA复合乳液,与甲基丙烯酸十二氟庚酯(DFMA)一起,双丙酮丙烯酰胺(DAAM),和甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)。PA/PU的核壳比对表面性能的影响,机械性能,研究了FPUA乳液和薄膜的耐热性。结果表明,当w(PA)=30~50%时,FPUA乳液的稳定性最高,在TEM下,颗粒显示出具有明亮和黑暗相交的核-壳结构。当w(PA)=30%时,抗拉强度达到23.35±0.08MPa。当w(PA)=50%时,涂膜表面的氟含量为14.75%,接触角高达98.5°,具有良好的疏水性;在AFM下观察了薄膜的表面平坦度。发现膜的拉伸强度随着核壳比的增加而增加,然后降低,FPUA膜的耐热性逐渐增加。FPUA薄膜具有优异的性能,如良好的抗冲击性,高灵活性,高附着力,和耐腐蚀性。
Vinyl-capped cationic waterborne polyurethane (CWPU) was prepared using isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), polycarbonate diol (PCDL), N-methyldiethanolamine (MDEA), and trimethylolpropane (TMP) as raw materials and hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) as a capping agent. Then, a crosslinked FPUA composite emulsion with polyurethane (PU) as the shell and fluorinated acrylate (PA) as the core was prepared by core-shell emulsion polymerization with CWPU as the seed emulsion, together with dodecafluoroheptyl methacrylate (DFMA), diacetone acrylamide (DAAM), and methyl methacrylate (MMA). The effects of the core-shell ratio of PA/PU on the surface properties, mechanical properties, and heat resistance of FPUA emulsions and films were investigated. The results showed that when w(PA) = 30~50%, the stability of FPUA emulsion was the highest, and the particles showed a core-shell structure with bright and dark intersections under TEM. When w(PA) = 30%, the tensile strength reached 23.35 ± 0.08 MPa. When w(PA) = 50%, the fluorine content on the surface of the coating film was 14.75% and the contact angle was as high as 98.5°, which showed good hydrophobicity; the surface flatness of the film was observed under AFM. It is found that the tensile strength of the film increases and then decreases with the increase in the core-shell ratio and the heat resistance of the FPUA film is gradually increased. The FPUA film has excellent properties such as good impact resistance, high flexibility, high adhesion, and corrosion resistance.