通过转向更可持续的林业做法来抵消木材供应的下降，热带生产森林中的工业树木种植园正在扩大。天然林向人工林的转变通常与生物多样性的丧失以及向更多才多艺和干扰容忍社区的转变有关。但是自然和人工林相结合的混合土地利用景观的影响仍然知之甚少。使用相机陷阱，我们调查了沙捞越两个混合土地利用森林管理区的中型到大型陆地野生动物群落，马来西亚婆罗洲，包括专门采伐天然林和邻近种植的相思森林的地区。我们使用贝叶斯社区占用模型分析了来自25种野生动植物物种社区的数据，以评估物种丰富度和物种对相思人工林的特定发生反应，以及不同森林土地利用类型内的遥感当地栖息地条件。估计所有物种都出现在两种土地利用类型中，但是，与许可的人工林管理区相比，天然林管理区的物种水平所占面积百分比和预测的当地平均物种丰富度略高。同样，完整社区和仅受威胁和特有物种的基于占用的物种多样性概况和破坏指数表明，天然林管理区的多样性和发生率略高。在局部尺度上,森林质量是物种发生的最突出预测指标。这些与森林质量的关联因物种而异，但主要是正相关的。我们的结果突显了混合土地利用景观的能力，该景观具有嵌入天然森林中的小型相思人工林，可以保留陆地野生动植物群落，同时提供替代的木材来源。尽管如此，人工林的生物多样性有减少的趋势，这在较大或嵌入不太自然的基质中的种植园中可能会更明显。
To offset the declining timber supply by shifting towards more sustainable forestry practices, industrial tree plantations are expanding in tropical production forests. The conversion of natural forests to tree plantation is generally associated with loss of biodiversity and shifts towards more generalist and disturbance tolerant communities, but effects of mixed-landuse landscapes integrating natural and plantation forests remain little understood. Using camera traps, we surveyed the medium-to-large bodied terrestrial wildlife community across two mixed-landuse forest management areas in Sarawak, Malaysia Borneo which include areas dedicated to logging of natural forests and adjacent planted Acacia forests. We analyzed data from a 25-wildlife species community using a Bayesian community occupancy model to assess species richness and species-specific occurrence responses to Acacia plantations at a broad scale, and to remote-sensed local habitat conditions within the different forest landuse types. All species were estimated to occur in both landuse types, but species-level percent area occupied and predicted average local species richness were slightly higher in the natural forest management areas compared to licensed planted forest management areas. Similarly, occupancy-based species diversity profiles and defaunation indices for both a full community and only threatened and endemic species suggested the diversity and occurrence were slightly higher in the natural forest management areas. At the local scale, forest quality was the most prominent predictor of species occurrence. These associations with forest quality varied among species but were predominantly positive. Our results highlight the ability of a mixed-landuse landscape with small-scale Acacia plantations embedded in natural forests to retain terrestrial wildlife communities while providing an alternate source of timber. Nonetheless, there was a tendency towards reduced biodiversity in planted forests, which would likely be more pronounced in plantations that are larger or embedded in a less natural matrix.
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