监控程序可以受益于自适应监控方法,关于为什么的关键决定,where,什么,以及如何监控将定期重新审视,以确保方案相关性。国家公园管理局(NPS)监测生命体征的状态和趋势,以评估对NPS任务的遵守情况。虽然丰富,西南阿拉斯加网络(SWAN)监测秃鹰,因为它们对公园游客固有的重要性以及作为重要的生态指标的作用。我们的目标是确定一个可以在参与公园中标准化的最佳监测计划。我们召集了一个由科学家和经理组成的专家小组,并实施了Delphi过程来收集有关秃鹰监测程序的信息。小组成员生成了监控计划的手段目标列表:最小化成本,尽量减少努力,最大限度地提高检测秃鹰种群变化的能力,并最大限度地收集有关秃鹰的准确信息。我们使用摆动加权技术来分配每个目标的重要性。收集有关秃鹰的准确信息被认为是最重要的手段。将小组成员生成的信息与客观重要性相结合,我们分析了场景,并使用线性价值建模定义了最优决策。通过我们的分析,我们发现了一个“全面”的监控场景,由所有可行的监控指标组成,是最佳监控方案。即使成本大幅增加,全面监测方案仍然是最佳解决方案。我们建议进一步探索综合方案所需的成本和努力,以确定开始监控其他指标是否符合公园的最佳利益。
Monitoring programs can benefit from an adaptive monitoring approach, where key decisions about why, where, what, and how to monitor are revisited periodically in order to ensure programmatic relevancy.The National Park Service (NPS) monitors status and trends of vital signs to evaluate compliance with the NPS mission. Although abundant, The Southwest Alaska Network (SWAN) monitors bald eagles because of their inherent importance to park visitors and role as an important ecological indicator. Our goal is to identify an optimal monitoring program that may be standardized among participating parks.We gathered an expert panel of scientists and managers, and implemented a Delphi Process to gather information about the bald eagle monitoring program. Panelists generated a list of means objectives for the monitoring program: minimizing cost, minimizing effort, maximizing the ability to detect change in bald eagle populations, and maximizing the amount of accurate information collected about bald eagles.We used a swing-weighting technique to assign importance to each objective. Collecting accurate information about bald eagles was considered the most important means objective.Combining panelist-generated information with objective importance, we analyzed the scenarios and defined the optimal decision using linear value modeling. Through our analysis, we found that a \"Comprehensive\" monitoring scenario, comprised of all feasible monitoring metrics, is the optimal monitoring scenario. Even with greatly increased cost, the Comprehensive monitoring scenario remains the best solution.We suggest further exploration of the cost and effort required for the Comprehensive scenario, to determine whether it is in the parks\' best interest to begin monitoring additional metrics.