多胺(PA),包括腐胺(Put),亚精胺(Spd),精胺(Spm)是在细胞功能中具有广泛作用的必需聚阳离子。PA水平随着年龄的增长而下降,补充外源性PA,尤其是Spd,一个有趣的前景。先前对蜜蜂的研究表明,在饮食中添加毫摩尔Spd可以延长寿命并增强氧化弹性。本研究旨在评估蜜蜂中0.1和1mM浓度的亚精胺补充剂的抗衰老作用,关注自噬和相关的表观遗传变化。结果表明,在较低的Spd浓度下,效果更明显,主要在腹部。Spd诱导了位点特异性组蛋白3在位点K18和27处的低乙酰化,在K9处的高乙酰化,而在整个体内的K14处没有变化。此外,自噬相关基因(ATG3,5,9,13)和与表观遗传变化相关的基因(HDAC1,HDAC3,SIRT1,KAT2A,KAT6B,P300,DNMT1A,DNMT1B)在蜜蜂的腹部中上调。总之,我们的发现强调了亚精胺补充引起的深刻的表观遗传变化和自噬促进,有助于增加蜜蜂的寿命。需要进一步的研究来充分了解蜜蜂表观遗传改变和自噬之间的确切机制和相互作用。强调自噬作为老年保护机制的重要性。
Polyamines (PAs), including putrescine (Put), spermidine (Spd), and spermine (Spm), are essential polycations with wide-ranging roles in cellular functions. PA levels decline with age, making exogenous PA supplementation, particularly Spd, an intriguing prospect. Previous research in honey bees demonstrated that millimolar Spd added to their diet increased lifespan and reinforced oxidative resilience. The present study is aimed to assess the anti-aging effects of spermidine supplementation at concentrations of 0.1 and 1 mM in honey bees, focusing on
autophagy and associated epigenetic changes. Results showed a more pronounced effect at the lower Spd concentration, primarily in the abdomen. Spd induced site-specific histone 3 hypoacetylation at sites K18 and 27, hyperacetylation at K9, with no change at K14 in the entire body. Additionally,
autophagy-related genes (ATG3, 5, 9, 13) and genes associated with epigenetic changes (HDAC1, HDAC3, SIRT1, KAT2A, KAT6B, P300, DNMT1A, DNMT1B) were upregulated in the abdomens of honey bees. In conclusion, our findings highlight profound epigenetic changes and
autophagy promotion due to spermidine supplementation, contributing to increased honey bee longevity. Further research is needed to fully understand the precise mechanisms and the interplay between epigenetic alterations and
autophagy in honey bees, underscoring the significance of
autophagy as a geroprotective mechanism.