背景:运动障碍不仅导致患者活动水平显着降低,而且由于失调而引发运动功能进一步恶化,这是住院期间特别明显的问题。可以通过维持适当的活动水平来抵消这种失调。在计划程序之外发生的活动,经常被忽视,在这种情况下至关重要。可穿戴技术,比如智能服装,提供了监控这些活动的手段。
目的:本研究旨在观察亚急性期中风患者的活动水平,专注于住院康复环境中的预定培训课程和其他非培训时间。智能服装系统用于同时测量心率和加速度,提供对身体活动的数量和强度的见解。
方法:在这项初步队列研究中,纳入11例接受亚急性卒中康复的患者。48小时连续测量系统,在入院时部署并在4周后重新评估,身体活动的监测加速度数据(用加速度的移动SD[MSDA]量化)和强度的心率(用心率储备百分比量化)。使用可穿戴活动监测系统进行测量,Hitoe(NTT公司和东丽工业,Inc)系统包括带有集成电极的测量服装(磨损或绑带),数据发送器,和智能手机。功能独立性测量用于评估患者的日常活动水平。这项研究探讨了诸如训练期间和非训练期间活动差异等因素,与日常生活活动(ADL)和年龄的相关性,4周后观察变化。
结果:在为期4周的计划后,每日总MSDA显着增加,平均心率储备百分比保持一致。训练期间的身体活动与入院时(ρ=0.86,P<.001)和入院后4周(ρ=0.96,P<.001)的ADL水平呈正相关,而在入院时(ρ=-0.41,P=.21)或入院后4周(ρ=-0.25,P=.45)的训练期间,年龄与MSDA之间的相关性不显著。相反,非训练活动与年龄呈负相关,与入院年龄(ρ=-0.82,P=.002)和入院后4周(ρ=-0.73,P=.01)呈显着负相关。
结论:住院康复活动水平与ADL水平呈正相关。进一步的分析表明,预定的培训活动与ADL水平之间存在很强的正相关关系,而非训练活动没有这种相关性。相反,观察到非训练活动与年龄之间呈负相关.这些观察结果表明,为老年患者提供活动机会的重要性,同时也可能表明需要调整活动量以适应该人群可能有限的健康水平。未来对更大患者群体的研究有必要验证和进一步阐明这些发现。
BACKGROUND: Motor impairments not only lead to a significant reduction in patient activity levels but also trigger a further deterioration in motor function due to deconditioning, which is an issue that is particularly pronounced during hospitalization. This deconditioning can be countered by sustaining appropriate activity levels. Activities that occur outside of scheduled programs, often overlooked, are critical in this context. Wearable technology, such as smart clothing, provides a means to monitor these activities.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to observe activity levels in patients who had strokes during the subacute phase, focusing on both scheduled training sessions and other nontraining times in an inpatient rehabilitation environment. A smart clothing system is used to simultaneously measure heart rate and acceleration, offering insights into both the amount and intensity of the physical activity.
METHODS: In this preliminary cohort study, 11 individuals undergoing subacute stroke rehabilitation were enrolled. The 48-hour continuous measurement system, deployed at admission and reassessed 4 weeks later, monitored accelerometry data for physical activity (quantified with a moving SD of acceleration [MSDA]) and heart rate for intensity (quantified with percent heart rate reserve). The measurements were performed using a wearable activity monitoring system, the hitoe (NTT Corporation and Toray Industries, Inc) system comprising a measuring garment (wear or strap) with integrated electrodes, a data transmitter, and a smartphone. The Functional Independence Measure was used to assess the patients\' daily activity levels. This study explored factors such as differences in activity during training and nontraining periods, correlations with activities of daily living (ADLs) and age, and changes observed after 4 weeks.
RESULTS: A significant increase was found in the daily total MSDA after the 4-week program, with the average percent heart rate reserve remaining consistent. Physical activity during training positively correlated with ADL levels both at admission (ρ=0.86, P<.001) and 4 weeks post admission (ρ=0.96, P<.001), whereas the correlation between age and MSDA was not significant during training periods at admission (ρ=-0.41, P=.21) or 4 weeks post admission (ρ=-0.25, P=.45). Conversely, nontraining activity showed a negative correlation with age, with significant negative correlations with age at admission (ρ=-0.82, P=.002) and 4 weeks post admission (ρ=-0.73, P=.01).
CONCLUSIONS: Inpatient rehabilitation activity levels were positively correlated with ADL levels. Further analysis revealed a strong positive correlation between scheduled training activities and ADL levels, whereas nontraining activities showed no such correlation. Instead, a negative correlation between nontraining activities and age was observed. These observations suggest the importance of providing activity opportunities for older patients, while it may also suggest the need for adjusting the activity amount to accommodate the potentially limited fitness levels of this demographic. Future studies with larger patient groups are warranted to validate and further elucidate these findings.