■房颤(AF)的抗凝治疗存在种族和种族差异。医疗中心的种族和族裔组成是否与这些差异有关尚不清楚。
■确定医疗中心种族和民族组成是否与房颤的整体抗凝和抗凝差异相关。
■布莱克的回顾性队列研究,白色,和西班牙裔患者从2018年到2021年在140个退伍军人健康管理局医疗中心(VAMC)发生AF事件。数据从2023年3月至11月进行了分析。
■VAMC种族和民族组成,定义为在VAMC治疗的少数民族和族裔患者的比例,分为四分位数。四分位数1(Q1)中的VAMC的患者比例最低(即,参考组)。
■启动任何抗凝剂的几率,直接作用口服抗凝剂(DOAC),或华法林治疗在房颤诊断的90天内,适应社会人口统计学,医疗合并症,和设施因素。
■该队列包括89791例患者,平均(SD)年龄为73.0(10.1)岁;87647(97.6%)为男性,9063(10.1%)为黑人,3355(3.7%)是西班牙裔,77373人(86.2%)为白人。总的来说,64770个人(72.1%)开始使用任何抗凝剂,60362(67.2%)开始DOAC治疗,4408(4.9%)开始服用华法林。与白人患者相比,在VAMC种族和族裔组成的所有四分位数中,黑人和西班牙裔患者开始任何抗凝和DOAC治疗的发生率较低,但华法林的发生率较高。任何抗凝治疗开始在第四季度低于第一季度(69.8%vs74.9%;调整后的比值比[aOR],0.80;95%CI,0.69-0.92;P<.001)。第四季度DOAC和华法林的起始量也低于第一季度(DOAC,69.4%对65.3%;aOR,0.85;95%CI,0.74-0.97;P<.001;华法林,5.4%对4.5%;aOR,0.82;95%CI,0.67-1.00;P<.001)。在调整后的模型中,Q4患者开始抗凝治疗的可能性明显低于Q1患者(aOR,0.88;95%CI,0.78-0.99)。Q3患者(aOR,0.75;95%CI,0.60-0.93)和Q4(aOR,0.69;95%CI,0.55-0.87)开始华法林治疗的可能性明显低于第一季度。在种族和族裔组成四分位数之间,开始DOAC治疗的调整几率没有显着差异。尽管在开始任何抗凝剂时,黑白和西班牙裔白人存在显着差异,DOAC,观察到华法林治疗,患者种族和民族与VAMC种族组成之间的交互作用不显著.
■在全国VA房颤患者队列中,开始任何抗凝剂和华法林,但不是DOAC疗法,在为更多的小型化患者提供服务的VAMC中更低。
UNASSIGNED: Racial and ethnic disparities exist in anticoagulation therapy for atrial fibrillation (AF). Whether medical center racial and ethnic composition is associated with these disparities is unclear.
UNASSIGNED: To determine whether medical center racial and ethnic composition is associated with overall anticoagulation and disparities in anticoagulation for AF.
UNASSIGNED: Retrospective cohort study of Black, White, and Hispanic patients with incident AF from 2018 to 2021 at 140 Veterans Health Administration medical centers (VAMCs). Data were analyzed from March to November 2023.
UNASSIGNED: VAMC racial and ethnic composition, defined as the proportion of patients from minoritized racial and ethnic groups treated at a VAMC, categorized into quartiles. VAMCs in quartile 1 (Q1) had the lowest percentage of patients from minoritized groups (ie, the reference group).
UNASSIGNED: The odds of initiating any anticoagulant, direct-acting oral anticoagulant (DOAC), or warfarin therapy within 90 days of an index AF diagnosis, adjusting for sociodemographics, medical comorbidities, and facility factors.
UNASSIGNED: The cohort comprised 89 791 patients with a mean (SD) age of 73.0 (10.1) years; 87 647 (97.6%) were male, 9063 (10.1%) were Black, 3355 (3.7%) were Hispanic, and 77 373 (86.2%) were White. Overall, 64 770 individuals (72.1%) initiated any anticoagulant, 60 362 (67.2%) initiated DOAC therapy, and 4408 (4.9%) initiated warfarin. Compared with White patients, Black and Hispanic patients had lower rates of any anticoagulant and DOAC therapy initiation but higher rates of warfarin initiation across all quartiles of VAMC racial and ethnic composition. Any anticoagulant therapy initiation was lower in Q4 than Q1 (69.8% vs 74.9%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.80; 95% CI, 0.69-0.92; P < .001). DOAC and warfarin initiation were also lower in Q4 than in Q1 (DOAC, 69.4% vs 65.3%; aOR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.74-0.97; P < .001; warfarin, 5.4% vs 4.5%; aOR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.67-1.00; P < .001). In adjusted models, patients in Q4 were significantly less likely to initiate any anticoagulant therapy than those in Q1 (aOR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.78-0.99). Patients in Q3 (aOR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.60-0.93) and Q4 (aOR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.55-0.87) were significantly less likely to initiate warfarin therapy than those in Q1. There was no significant difference in the adjusted odds of initiating DOAC therapy across racial and ethnic composition quartiles. Although significant Black-White and Hispanic-White differences in initiation of any anticoagulant, DOAC, and warfarin therapy were observed, interactions between patient race and ethnicity and VAMC racial composition were not significant.
UNASSIGNED: In a national cohort of VA patients with AF, initiation of any anticoagulant and warfarin, but not DOAC therapy, was lower in VAMCs serving more minoritized patients.