目的:为了评估对社会的经济影响,由于视力丧失和不可逆转的法定失明而产生,西班牙的主要眼科疾病:青光眼,糖尿病视网膜病变(DR),糖尿病性黄斑水肿(DME),年龄相关性黄斑变性(AMD)和高度近视(HM)。
方法:开发了成本分析模型来估计青光眼的经济负担,DR,DME,AMD和HM在10年时间范围内(2021-2030年),从西班牙的社会角度来看。通过文献综述获得了模型中使用的流行病学和经济参数。患病率,发病率,和进展阶段被用来建立流行病学流。来自出版物的每位患者的年度成本被包括在内,并被归类为直接医疗保健,直接非医疗保健和间接成本。其他国家的成本是根据购买力平价(欧元,PPP)。有关人口和成本结果的流行病学参数已由专家小组验证。所有费用均调整为欧元,2021年(€,2021),并使用过去10年的消费物价指数(CPI),推断为2030欧元(欧元,2030).
结果:估计患有主要疾病病理(青光眼,DR,DME,AMD和HM)到2030年将增加到799万患者,增长103%。到2030年,所有疾病的总成本将达到998亿欧元。直接非医疗费用占最大项目(44%),其次是生产力成本损失(38%),和直接医疗费用(18%)。累积成本最高的病变将是青光眼(336亿欧元)和DME(198亿欧元)。与2021年相比,最大的增量成本可能来自与糖尿病相关的病理,如DR(703%)和二甲醚(317%)。
结论:了解与导致视力丧失和不可逆的法定失明的病理相关的成本对于了解与这些病理相关的社会经济影响至关重要。此外,治疗这些疾病的高成本使得有必要协调行政部门之间的努力,在患者协会的支持下,以满足他们的需求。
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the economic impact for the society, generated as a consequence of the onset of loss of vision and irreversible legal blindness, for the main ophthalmologic diseases in Spain: glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy (DR), diabetic macular edema (DME), age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and high myopia (HM).
METHODS: A cost analysis model was developed to estimate the economic burden of glaucoma, DR, DME, AMD and HM over a 10-year time horizon (2021-2030), from a societal perspective in Spain. The epidemiological and economic parameters used in the model were obtained through a literature review. Prevalence, incidence, and progression stages were used to establish the epidemiological flows. Annual costs per patient from publications were included and classified into direct healthcare, direct non-healthcare and indirect costs. Costs from other countries were converted based on purchasing-power-parity (€EUR, PPP). Epidemiological parameters about population and cost results were validated by a panel of experts. All costs were adjusted to euros, 2021 (€, 2021), and using the Consumer Price Index (CPI) of the last 10 years, extrapolated to 2030 euros (€, 2030).
RESULTS: It was estimated that the total population of patients with the main diseases pathologies (glaucoma, DR, DME, AMD and HM) will increase to 7.99 million patients by 2030, representing an increase of 103%. The total cost by 2030 of all pathologies would amount to 99.8 billion euros. Direct non-healthcare costs account for the largest item (44%), followed by loss of productivity costs (38%), and direct healthcare costs (18%). The pathologies with the highest cumulative costs will be glaucoma (€33.6 billion) and DME (€19.8 billion).The greatest increment costs compared to 2021 will likely be generated by pathologies related to diabetes mellitus, such as DR (703%) and DME (317%).
CONCLUSIONS: Knowing the costs associated with the pathologies that generate loss of vision and irreversible legal blindness is essential to understand the socioeconomic impact associated with these pathologies. Furthermore, the high cost of treating these diseases makes necessary to coordinate efforts between administrations, together with the support of patient associations, to meet their needs.