背景:前房(AC)的解剖结构有助于解释学龄儿童屈光状态的差异,并且与原发性闭角(PAC)密切相关。这项研究的目的是通过扫频源光学相干断层扫描(SS-OCT)量化和分析不同屈光状态的中国儿童的前房和角度(ACA)特征。
方法:在一项横断面观察研究中,山东省两所小学的383名儿童,中国,接受了完整的眼科检查。首先,前房深度(ACD),前房宽度(ACW),开角距离(AOD),使用CASIA2成像设备自动评估小梁-虹膜空间面积(TISA)。在500、750μm鼻腔(分别为N1和N2)测量AOD和TISA,和时间(分别为T1和T2)到巩膜骨刺(SS)。然后测量细胞麻痹屈光度和轴向长度(AL)。根据球面等效折射(SER),儿童被分配到远视(SER>0.50D),正视(-0.50D结果:在383名儿童中,包括349名健康儿童(160名女孩),平均年龄为8.23±1.06岁(范围:6-11岁)。平均SER和AL为-0.10±1.57D和23.44±0.95mm,分别。平均ACD和ACW为3.17±0.24mm和11.69±0.43mm。N1,T1时的平均AOD为0.72±0.25、0.63±0.22mm,N2,T2时的平均AOD为0.98±0.30、0.84±0.27mm。平均TISA在N1,T1为0.24±0.09,0.22±0.09mm2,在N2,T2为0.46±0.16,0.40±0.14mm2。近视组有最深的AC和最宽的角度。与男生相比,女孩有较短的AL,较浅的ACD,更窄的ACW,和ACA(所有p<0.05)。通过皮尔逊的相关分析,SER与ACD呈负相关,AOD,和TISA。AL与ACD呈正相关,ACW,AOD,和TISA。在多元回归分析中,AOD和TISA与更深的ACD相关,更窄的ACW,更长的AL。
结论:在小学生中,近视的眼睛有更深的AC和更宽的角度。ACD,ACW,AOD,和TISA都随着轴向伸长而增加。ACA与更深的ACD高度相关。
BACKGROUND: The anatomic structure of the anterior chamber (AC) helps to explain differences in refractive status in school-aged children and is closely associated with primary angle closure (PAC). The aim of this study was to quantify and analyze the anterior chamber and angle (ACA) characteristics in Chinese children with different refractive status by swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT).
METHODS: In a cross-sectional observational study, 383 children from two primary schools in Shandong Province, China, underwent a complete ophthalmic examination. First, the anterior chamber depth (ACD), anterior chamber width (ACW), angle-opening distance (AOD), and trabecular-iris space area (TISA) were evaluated automatically using a CASIA2 imaging device. AOD and TISA were measured at 500, 750 μm nasal (N1 and N2, respectively), and temporal (T1 and T2, respectively) to the scleral spur (SS). Cycloplegic refraction and axial length (AL) were then measured. According to spherical equivalent refraction (SER), the children were assigned to hyperopic (SER > 0.50D), emmetropic (-0.50D < SER ≤ 0.50D), and myopic groups (SER ≤ -0.50D).
RESULTS: Out of the 383 children, 349 healthy children (160 girls) with a mean age of 8.23 ± 1.06 years (range: 6-11 years) were included. The mean SER and AL were - 0.10 ± 1.57D and 23.44 ± 0.95 mm, respectively. The mean ACD and ACW were 3.17 ± 0.24 mm and 11.69 ± 0.43 mm. The mean AOD were 0.72 ± 0.25, 0.63 ± 0.22 mm at N1, T1, and 0.98 ± 0.30, 0.84 ± 0.27 mm at N2, T2. The mean TISA were 0.24 ± 0.09, 0.22 ± 0.09mm2 at N1, T1, and 0.46 ± 0.16, 0.40 ± 0.14mm2 at N2, T2. The myopic group had the deepest AC and the widest angle. Compared with boys, girls had shorter AL, shallower ACD, narrower ACW, and ACA (all p < 0.05). By Pearson\'s correlation analysis, SER was negatively associated with ACD, AOD, and TISA. AL was positively associated with ACD, ACW, AOD, and TISA. In the multiple regression analysis, AOD and TISA were associated with deeper ACD, narrower ACW, and longer AL.
CONCLUSIONS: In primary school students, the myopic eyes have deeper AC and wider angle. ACD, ACW, AOD, and TISA all increase with axial elongation. ACA is highly correlated with deeper ACD.