蜜蜂的肠道微生物群对宿主的健康至关重要。考虑到蜜蜂的生态系统功能,以及许多物种面临的衰退,重要的是提高我们对肠道微生物组自然变异量的理解,共存物种之间(包括本地和非本地物种之间)的细菌共享水平,以及肠道社区对感染的反应。我们进行了16SrRNA元编码,以辨别蜜蜂之间的微生物组相似性水平(Apismellifera,N=49)和大黄蜂(Bombusspp。,N=66)在郊区乡村景观中。我们确定了总共233个扩增子序列变体(ASV),并发现了由属于Gilliamella的细菌类群主导的简单肠道微生物组,Snodgrassella,和乳酸菌.每个物种的平均ASV数量范围为4.00-15.00(8.79±3.84,平均值±SD)。一种细菌物种的扩增子序列变体,G.apicola(ASV1),在蜜蜂和大黄蜂中广泛分享。然而,我们检测到另一个阿皮科拉的ASV,要么是蜜蜂独有的,或代表蜜蜂中的基因组内16SrRNA单倍型变异。除了ASV1,蜜蜂和大黄蜂很少共享肠道细菌,即使是可能来自外部环境的(例如,根瘤菌属。,果糖杆菌属。).蜜蜂细菌微生物组比大黄蜂表现出更高的α多样性,但β和γ多样性较低,可能是前者拥有更大的结果,常年荨麻疹.最后,我们确定了致病或共生细菌(G.apicola,不动杆菌。和pluralibactersp.)与蜜蜂中的Trypanosome和/或Vairimora感染有关。这样的见解有助于确定蜜蜂对感染的易感性,如果肠道微生物被化学污染物破坏,并有助于我们理解什么是生态失调状态。
The gut microbiome of bees is vital for the health of their hosts. Given the ecosystem functions performed by bees, and the declines faced by many species, it is important to improve our understanding of the amount of natural variation in the gut microbiome, the level of sharing of bacteria among co-occurring species (including between native and non-native species), and how gut communities respond to infections. We conducted 16S rRNA metabarcoding to discern the level of microbiome similarity between honey bees (Apis mellifera, N = 49) and bumble bees (Bombus spp., N = 66) in a suburban-rural landscape. We identified a total of 233 amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) and found simple gut microbiomes dominated by bacterial taxa belonging to Gilliamella, Snodgrassella, and Lactobacillus. The average number of ASVs per species ranged from 4.00-15.00 (8.79 ± 3.84, mean ± SD). Amplicon sequence variant of one bacterial species, G. apicola (ASV 1), was widely shared across honey bees and bumble bees. However, we detected another ASV of G. apicola that was either exclusive to honey bees, or represented an intra-genomic 16S rRNA haplotype variant in honey bees. Other than ASV 1, honey bees and bumble bees rarely share gut bacteria, even ones likely derived from outside environments (e.g., Rhizobium spp., Fructobacillus spp.). Honey bee bacterial microbiomes exhibited higher alpha diversity but lower beta and gamma diversities than those of bumble bees, likely a result of the former possessing larger, perennial hives. Finally, we identified pathogenic or symbiotic bacteria (G. apicola, Acinetobacter sp. and Pluralibacter sp.) that associate with Trypanosome and/or Vairimorpha infections in bees. Such insights help to determine bees\' susceptibility to infections should gut microbiomes become disrupted by chemical pollutants and contribute to our understanding of what constitutes a state of dysbiosis.