目的:腭骨(PAL)越过上颌骨(MX),在胎儿的骨腭中没有端到端缝合。然而,骨之间的地形学关系的变化是未知的,包括腭管管.
方法:使用矢状,额叶,从15个中期胎儿到12个近期胎儿的头部水平组织学切片,我们描绘了MX的地形解剖结构的变化,PAL,和腭大神经(GPN)。
结果:在这些胎儿的骨腭大管中,面向GPN的内壁和后壁始终由PAL组成。期中考试时,GPN的整个过程都嵌入在PAL(六个胎儿)中,或MX有助于神经管的侧壁(九)。近期,前壁和侧壁显示出个体差异:前壁和侧壁(三个胎儿)中的MX,前MX和侧PAL(五),前PAL和侧MX(两个),和围绕GPN的PAL(四)。
结论:这些不断增加的变化表明翼腹腋窝缝合线实际上正在生长,并且PAL短暂地向前和/或横向扩张以将MX推入胎儿。GPN被MX和PAL夹在中间的“通常”形态可能在出生后建立,可能在青春期。这种变化的驱动力可能不是由咀嚼装置产生的。相反,可能是上颌窦生长引起的.
OBJECTIVE: The palatine bone (PAL) rides over the maxilla (MX) without an end-to-end suture in the bony palate of fetuses. However, changes in the topographical relationship among bones was unknown at and along the pterygopalatomaxillary suture, including the palatine canals.
METHODS: Using sagittal, frontal, and horizontal histological sections of the head from 15 midterm fetuses to 12 near-term fetuses, we depicted the changes in the topographical anatomy of the MX, PAL, and greater palatine nerve (GPN).
RESULTS: In the bony greater palatine canal of these fetuses, the medial and posterior walls facing the GPN were consistently made up of the PAL. At midterm, the entire course of the GPN was embedded in the PAL (six fetuses), or the MX contributed to the lateral wall of the nerve canal (nine). At near-term, the anterior and lateral walls showed individual variations: an MX in the anterior and lateral walls (three fetuses), an anterior MX and a lateral PAL (five), an anterior PAL and a lateral MX (two), and a PAL surrounding the GPN (four).
CONCLUSIONS: These increasing variations suggested that the pterygopalatomaxillary suture was actually growing and that the PAL transiently expanded anteriorly and/or laterally to push the MX in fetuses. The \"usual\" morphology in which the GPN is sandwiched by the MX and PAL is likely established after birth, possibly during adolescence. The driving force of this change may not be produced by the masticatory apparatus. Rather, it might be triggered by the growing maxillary sinus.