目的:促炎细胞因子的系统性升高是非功能性过度达到的标志,和甜菜碱已被证明在体外减少促炎细胞因子的分泌。这项研究的目的是研究甜菜碱补充对肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)的影响,白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β),-在竞争激烈的赛季中,职业青年足球运动员的6(IL-6)和全血细胞(CBC)计数。
方法:29名足球运动员(年龄,15.5±0.3年)根据比赛位置随机分为两组:甜菜碱组(BG,n=14,2克/天)或安慰剂组(PG,n=15)。在14周期间,匹配训练负荷,并每日监测健康指标.上述细胞因子和CBC在pre(P1)时进行评估,mid-(P2),和后(P3)赛季。
结果:发现TNF-α组x时间相互作用显著(p<0.05),IL-1β,IL-6这些变量在P2和P3的BG中低于P1,而IL-1β在P3的PG中高于P1(p=0.033)。CBC计数分析显示,白细胞(WBC)的时间相互作用有显著的组,红细胞(RBC),血红蛋白(Hb),和平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度(MCHC)。与PG中的P2相比,WBC在P3处显示增加(p=0.034);与BG中的P1相比,RBC在P3处较少(p=0.020);两组的Hb在P2处与P1相比较大,而在P3处与P3相比较少。与BG中的P1相比,P3和P2处的MCHC更大,而PG中的MCHC在P3显著低于P2(p=0.003)。
结论:结果证实,14周的甜菜碱补充可以防止促炎细胞因子和白细胞计数的增加。看来甜菜碱的补充可能是在疲劳的足球赛季中调节免疫反应的有用营养策略。
OBJECTIVE: Systemic elevations in pro-inflammatory cytokines are a marker of non-functional over reaching, and betaine has been shown to reduce the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines in vitro. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of betaine supplementation on tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukins-1 beta (IL-1β), - 6 (IL-6) and the complete blood cell (CBC) count in professional youth soccer players during a competitive season.
METHODS: Twenty-nine soccer players (age, 15.5 ± 0.3 years) were randomly divided into two groups based on playing position: betaine group (BG, n = 14, 2 g/day) or placebo group (PG, n = 15). During the 14-week period, training load was matched and well-being indicators were monitored daily. The aforementioned cytokines and CBC were assessed at pre- (P1), mid- (P2), and post- (P3) season.
RESULTS: Significant (p < 0.05) group x time interactions were found for TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. These variables were lower in the BG at P2 and P3 compared to P1, while IL-1β was greater in the PG at P3 compared to P1 (p = 0.033). The CBC count analysis showed there was significant group by time interactions for white blood cells (WBC), red blood cells (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC). WBC demonstrated increases at P3 compared to P2 in PG (p = 0.034); RBC was less at P3 compared to P1 in BG (p = 0.020); Hb was greater at P2 compared to P1, whilst it was less at P3 compared to P3 for both groups. MCHC was greater at P3 and P2 compared to P1 in BG, whereas MCHC was significantly lower at P3 compared to P2 in the PG (p = 0.003).
CONCLUSIONS: The results confirmed that 14 weeks of betaine supplementation prevented an increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines and WBC counts. It seems that betaine supplementation may be a useful nutritional strategy to regulate the immune response during a fatiguing soccer season.