目的：描述超声造影在上尿路上皮肿瘤研究中的发现和行为，并评估其诊断价值。
方法：我们回顾了我院45个月的数据库，以确定诊断为上尿路上皮癌的患者。我们回顾了B超模式的发现，超声造影（位置和强度的定性评估和增强的冲洗），并与其他技术（计算机断层扫描或磁共振）进行了比较，还有手术标本.
结果：我们发现42例诊断为上尿路上皮癌的患者在所回顾的期间经手术证实。28例（67％）患者接受了超声造影。基线超声显示肾积水伴或不伴输尿管扩张，回声内容物占据肾萼（6），骨盆（10）或输尿管（12）。注射造影剂后，在100％的病变中注意到增强，在23中具有与皮质相似的强度，在5中具有较小的强度。24个病变显示早期冲洗，在大脑皮层之前，在注射后40到55秒之间。27例诊断正确。28例定位与组织学标本一致，3例患者有额外的远端癌灶。
结论：超声造影是诊断上尿路上皮肿瘤的有用技术，可提高诊断的信心。
OBJECTIVE: To describe the findings and behaviour of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in the study of upper tract urothelial tumours and to assess its usefulness for diagnosis.
METHODS: We reviewed our hospital\'s database over a period of 45 months to identify patients diagnosed with upper tract urothelial carcinomas. We reviewed the findings on mode B-ultrasound, contrast-enhanced ultrasound (location and qualitative assessment of intensity and washout of enhancement), and made a comparison with other techniques (computed tomography or magnetic resonance), and with the surgical specimen.
RESULTS: We found 42 patients with a diagnosis of upper tract urothelial carcinoma confirmed with surgery over the period reviewed. Twenty-eight (67%) patients underwent contrast-enhanced ultrasound. Baseline ultrasound showed hydronephrosis with or without ureteral dilatation with echogenic content occupying the renal calyx (6), pelvis (10) or ureter (12). After injection of contrast, enhancement was noticed in 100% of the lesions, with similar intensity to the cortex in 23, and less in 5. Twenty-four lesions showed early washout, before the cortex, between 40 and 55seconds after the injection. The diagnosis was correct in 27 cases. Localisation coincided with the histological specimen in 28 cases, and 3 patients had additional distal carcinoma foci.
CONCLUSIONS: Contrast-enhanced ultrasound is a useful technique for diagnosing upper tract urothelial tumours that increases confidence in the diagnosis.
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