目的:该研究调查了在COVID-19大流行的不同时期,孕妇对2019年冠状病毒病(COVID-19)感染风险感知与抑郁症状之间的中介机制。
方法:研究数据来自湖北省463名孕妇的样本,中国COVID-19疫情最严重的省份。使用COVID-19感染风险感知量表,分两个阶段(COVID-19大流行期间和之后)收集数据,爱丁堡产后抑郁量表(EPDS),感知压力量表(PSS),和Peritrauma灾情清单(PDI)。中介模型分析用于数据分析,整体和团体。
结果:COVID-19大流行急性期后孕妇的抑郁症状水平为中度(中位数,9.00[第25百分位数,第75百分位数=5.00,12.00]),高于急性组(中位数,7.00[第25百分位数,第75百分位数=4.50,10.00])。感知压力和创伤压力完全介导了感染担忧之间的关系(总间接效应,0.39[95%置信区间,0.24-0.54])/感染可能性(总间接影响,0.41[95%置信区间,0.22-0.61])和COVID-19大流行急性期孕妇的抑郁症状,而这种关系仅由急性大流行后的感知压力完全介导。
结论:风险感知对抑郁症状的影响因COVID-19的时间而异。这些发现对于在新发传染病的不同时期,针对抑郁症状高风险的孕妇制定有效的预防和早期心理教育干预策略具有重要意义。
OBJECTIVE: The study investigated the mediation mechanisms between coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection risk perception and depressive symptoms among pregnant women during the different periods of the COVID-19 pandemic.
METHODS: Study data were derived from a sample of 463 pregnant women in Hubei Province, the province with the most severe COVID-19 outbreak in
China. Data were collected in two phases (during and after the acute phase of the COVID-19 pandemic) using the COVID-19 infection risk perception scales, the Edinburg Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and the Peritrauma Distress Inventory (PDI). Mediation model analysis was used for data analysis, overall and by groups.
RESULTS: The level of depressive symptoms among pregnant women after the acute phase of the COVID-19 pandemic was moderate (median, 9.00 [25th percentile, 75th percentile = 5.00, 12.00]), higher than the acute group (median, 7.00 [25th percentile, 75th percentile = 4.50, 10.00]). Perceived stress and traumatic stress fully mediated the relationship between infection worry (total indirect effect, 0.39 [95% confidence interval, 0.24-0.54])/infection possibility (total indirect effect, 0.41 [95% confidence interval, 0.22-0.61]) and depressive symptoms among pregnant women during the acute phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, whereas the relationship was only fully mediated by perceived stress after the acute pandemic.
CONCLUSIONS: Effects of risk perception on depressive symptoms varied by periods of COVID-19. These findings have important implications for developing effective prevention and early psychoeducational intervention strategies for pregnant women with a high risk of depressive symptoms during different periods of emerging infectious diseases.