目的:腰背痛(LBP)对军队的战斗力有负面影响。这项研究是通过问卷调查和身体功能评估来确定飞行员中LBP的患病率和危险因素。方法:人口统计和职业特征数据,卫生习惯,身体活动,和217名男性飞行员的肌肉骨骼损伤(114战斗机,48架直升机,和55名运输飞行员)使用自我报告的问卷和身体功能评估进行收集。结果:在整个队列中,LBP患病率为37.8%,在战斗机中分别为36.0%、45.8%和34.5%。直升机,和运输飞行员,分别。多因素回归分析显示与LBP显著相关的危险因素为颈部疼痛[比值比(OR):3.559,95%置信区间(CI):1.827-6.934]。腹横肌激活(OR:0.346,95%CI:0.172-0.698),和髋关节外部旋转器强度(OR:0.001,95%CI:0.000-0.563)在整个队列中;颈部疼痛(OR:3.586,95%CI:1.365-9.418),腹横肌激活(OR:0.268,95%CI:0.094-0.765),髋部外旋转器强度(OR:0.000,95%CI:0.000-0.949),战斗机飞行员的每周飞行小时(OR:3.889,95%CI:1.490-10.149);直升机飞行员的不规则力量训练(OR:0.036,95%CI:0.003-0.507)和髋部外部旋转器力量(OR:0.000,95%CI:0.000-0.042);运输飞行员的颈部疼痛(OR:6.417,95%CI:1.424-28.909)。结论:大量飞行时间表和弱核心肌肉功能对飞行员的背部健康有显著的负面影响。LBP通常与每周高飞行小时有关,颈部疼痛加重,腹横肌激活不足,髋关节伸肌/旋转器强度降低。不同飞机飞行员的风险因素各不相同。因此,特定的核心肌肉训练对于军事飞行员来说尤其重要。
Objectives: Low back pain (LBP) has negative implications for the military\'s combat effectiveness. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and risk factors of LBP among pilots through a questionnaire and physical function assessments. Methods: Data on the demographic and occupational characteristics, health habits, physical activity, and musculoskeletal injuries of 217 male pilots (114 fighter, 48 helicopter, and 55 transport pilots) were collected using a self-reported questionnaire and physical function assessments. Results: LBP prevalence was 37.8% in the total cohort and 36.0, 45.8, and 34.5% among fighter, helicopter, and transport pilots, respectively. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that the risk factors significantly associated with LBP were neck pain [odds ratio (OR): 3.559, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.827-6.934], transversus abdominis activation (OR: 0.346, 95% CI: 0.172-0.698), and hip external rotator strength (OR: 0.001, 95% CI: 0.000-0.563) in the total cohort; neck pain (OR: 3.586, 95% CI: 1.365-9.418), transversus abdominis activation (OR: 0.268, 95% CI: 0.094-0.765), hip external rotator strength (OR: 0.000, 95% CI: 0.000-0.949), and weekly flying hours (OR: 3.889, 95% CI: 1.490-10.149) in fighter pilots; irregular strength training (OR: 0.036, 95% CI: 0.003-0.507) and hip external rotator strength (OR: 0.000, 95% CI: 0.000-0.042) in helicopter pilots; and neck pain (OR: 6.417, 95% CI: 1.424-28.909) in transport pilots. Conclusions: High volume flight schedules and weak core muscle functions have significant negative effects on pilots\' back health. LBP is commonly associated with high weekly flying hours, worsening neck pain, transversus abdominis insufficient activation, and reduced hip extensor/rotator strength. Risk factors vary among pilots of different aircraft. Thus, specific core muscle training would be especially important for military pilots.