UNASSIGNED: To introduce a new surgical method for the repair of a large inner canthus combined with tissue loss at the inner canthal angle of the eye by using a bird-beak-type z-shaped asymmetrical flap and to summarize its clinical effect.
UNASSIGNED: A total of 56 patients with a large inner canthus were randomly selected, and a bird-beak-type z-shaped asymmetrical flap was used on the nasal side of the lower eyelid to repair and reconstruct the inner canthal folds. The inner canthal point was located according to physiological aesthetics. The short and long arms of the z-shaped asymmetrical flap were separated, replaced, fixed, and shaped to reconstruct the skin folds of the inner canthus and restore its aesthetic morphology.
UNASSIGNED: All incisions after surgery achieved primary healing, and all 56 cases were followed up for 6-20 months (average 8.6 months). The caruncula lacrimalis was moderately exposed, the inner canthal angles possessed a natural appearance, and the results of the surgery were satisfactory. Five patients developed scar hyperplasia within one month after surgery, and arnica gel was applied topically for 3-6 months until the scar faded or disappeared, but no obvious scars were seen in the surgical area of the remaining patients. In two patients, the internal canthi were asymmetrical, but this improved after adjustment.
UNASSIGNED: Repair of a large inner canthus and tissue loss at the inner canthal angle of the eye using a bird-beak-type z-shaped asymmetrical flap is a simple operation, resulting in minimal trauma. Postoperatively, the inner canthal angle possessed a natural appearance with no obvious scarring.

The forefoot is critical to normal walking; thus, any reconstruction of forefoot defects, including the soft tissues, must be carefully done. The free perforator flap, with its physiologic circulation, lower donor site morbidity, and minimal thickness is the most popular technique in plastic and microsurgery, and is theoretically the most suitable for such forefoot reconstruction. However, these flaps are generally recognized as more difficult and time-consuming to create than other flaps. In 41 patients with traumatic forefoot defects, we reconstructed the forefoot integument using 5 types of free perforator flaps. The overall functional and cosmetic outcomes were excellent. Three flaps required repeat exploration; one survived. The most common complications were insufficient perfusion and the need for second debulking. The key to our success was thoroughly debriding devitalized bone and soft tissue before attaching the flap. Forefoot reconstruction with a free perforator flap provides better function, better cosmesis, better weightbearing, and better gait than the other flaps we have used.