鉴于神经组织的复杂性,了解神经化学病理生理学对生物分析技术的特异性和敏感性提出了很高的要求。质谱成像(MSI)已经发展成为一种重要的,生化成像技术在空间生物学和转化研究中的应用。该技术有利于全面,敏感地阐明了药物的空间分布模式,脂质,肽,和原位小蛋白质。基于基质辅助激光解吸电离(MALDI)的MSI由于其广泛的适用性和选择性的合理折衷而成为主要模态,敏感价格,吞吐量,和易用性。这与空间脂质模式的分析特别相关,没有其他类似的空间分析工具可用。因此,了解神经组织中的空间脂质生物学是MSI研究的关键和新兴应用领域。这篇综述的目的是通过MSI工作流程为中枢神经系统(CNS)组织中的脂质成像提供简洁的指导,以及在开发和优化MSI测定时要考虑的基本参数。Further,这篇综述概述了基于MALDIMSI的空间神经脂质组学在神经元结构中绘制脂质动力学的关键发展和应用,最终有助于更好地理解神经退行性疾病的病理学。
Given the complexity of nervous tissues, understanding neurochemical pathophysiology puts high demands on bioanalytical techniques with respect to specificity and sensitivity. Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) has evolved to become an important, biochemical imaging technology for spatial biology in biological and translational research. The technique facilitates comprehensive, sensitive elucidation of the spatial distribution patterns of drugs, lipids, peptides, and small proteins in situ. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI)-based MSI is the dominating modality due to its broad applicability and fair compromise of selectivity, sensitivity price, throughput, and ease of use. This is particularly relevant for the analysis of spatial lipid patterns, where no other comparable spatial profiling tools are available. Understanding spatial lipid biology in nervous tissue is therefore a key and emerging application area of MSI research. The aim of this review is to give a concise guide through the MSI workflow for lipid imaging in central nervous system (CNS) tissues and essential parameters to consider while developing and optimizing MSI assays. Further, this review provides a broad overview of key developments and applications of MALDI MSI-based spatial neurolipidomics to map lipid dynamics in neuronal structures, ultimately contributing to a better understanding of neurodegenerative disease pathology.