The cutaneous fungal infections in male genitalia are relatively rare, and often present with various atypical clinical symptoms. It was mainly reported in a small number of case reports, while data with large number of patients were rarely reported. In this study, we reported 79 male patients with cutaneous fungal infections on scrotum or penis. The fungal infections were confirmed by microscopic examination directly and fungus culture. Clinical characteristics and predisposing factors were also collected. Of these 79 patients, 72 has lesions on scrotum, 5 on penis and 2 on both scrotum and penis. Trichophyton (T.) rubrum is the most common pathogen, found in 50 (67.6%) patients, which presented diverse clinical manifestation such as majorly erythematous, dry diffused scaly lesions without a clear border, slightly powdery and scutular scalings. Candida (C.) albicans is the secondly common pathogen, found in 21 (28.4%) patients, which also presented diverse lesions such as erythematous with dry whitish scaly lesions and erythematous erosion. The predisposing factors mainly included concomitant fungal infections on sites other than genitalia, especially inguinal region (tinea cruris), application of corticosteroid and high moisture. In conclusion, cutaneous fungal infections in male genitalia could be caused by different fungi, showed atypical or mild clinical appearances in most cases and might be a fungus reservoir, emphasizing the necessity to timely perform the fungi examinations and corresponding therapy.

BACKGROUND: Extramammary Paget\'s disease of the scrotum and penis is a relatively rare cutaneous malignant tumor. At present, its pathogenesis, and clinical and pathological characteristics are not very clear. This is controversial regarding surgical margin width to decrease the high recurrence rate. This paper aimed to report the case and review the literature of extramammary Paget\'s disease of scrotum and penis.
METHODS: We presented the case of a 74-year-old male patient with the patchy erythema and pruritus in the perineum who was admitted to our department. Biopsy of the large plaque revealed Paget disease. Under the condition of ensuring negative surgical margins by rapid frozen pathology, a wide local excision of the lesion, bilateral orchiectomy, and adnexectomy were performed on the patient. Pathology revealed that many scattered vacuolated Paget cells were observed in the epidermal layer, and the diagnosis was Paget\'s disease of the scrotum and penis. The 2 cm outside the skin lesion was used as the initial surgical margin, and free skin flap transplantation was used to repair the surgical wound. The patient recovered well and was discharged 1 week after surgery.
CONCLUSIONS: Currently, histopathologic biopsy is the most important diagnostic method for EMPD. Once confirmed, for patients eligible for surgical intervention, wide local excision of the lesion and rapid intraoperative frozen pathological examination should be performed as soon as possible. The skin flap transplantation is the first choice for the repair of large-scale wound after surgery.

暂无摘要。

OBJECTIVE: Primary intrascrotal rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a rare and aggressive tumor. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prognostic factors of intrascrotal RMS in children.
METHODS: All pediatric patients with intrascrotal RMS diagnosed between 2000 and 2018 were identified using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. To compare survival curves, the log-rank test was employed. A multivariate Cox proportional hazards model was developed to investigate the effect of each factor on overall survival (OS). A nomogram was created using the outcomes of the Cox regression model.
RESULTS: A total of 102 pediatric patients with intrascrotal RMS were identified. Overall survival rates for all patients were 90.6% at 3-year and 87.2% at 5-year, respectively. Survival rates differed significantly by SEER stage and surgery; however, chemotherapy and removal of lymph nodes showed no significant difference. The outcome of Cox proportional hazard regression revealed that SEER stage and surgery were important independent predictors in this model. Furthermore, we developed a nomogram for predicting OS in pediatric intrascrotal RMS based on the Cox regression model. The risk of death increased with stage in patients. Additionally, patients who underwent surgery had a lower mortality risk than those who did not.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings show that SEER stage and surgery are the most important indicators of OS in children with intrascrotal RMS, providing critical epidemiological information for clinical therapy.

暂无摘要。

Scrotal circumference is an important reproductive index of breeding rams, which has a high genetic correlation with ejaculation volume and semen quality. In this study, the scrotal circumference of 1353 male Hu sheep at different stages of development was measured and descriptive statistical analysis was performed. The results showed that the coefficient of variation of scrotal circumference at each stage was greater than 10%, and its heritability were moderately to high, ranging from 0.318 to 0.719. We used PCR amplification and Sanger sequencing to scan the polymorphisms of the IGFALS gene, and performed association analysis with the circumference of the scrotum at different stages. We identified a synonymous mutation g.918 G > C in exon 1 of the IGFALS gene, and this mutation was significantly associated with scrotal circumference at 100, 120, 140, 160 and 180 days (p < 0.05). Therefore, IGFALS gene polymorphism can be used as a molecular marker affecting scrotal circumference of Hu sheep, which can provide a reference for future molecular marker-assisted selection of scrotal circumference in sheep.

暂无摘要。

Ovotesticular (OT) disorder of sex development (DSD) is a rare condition that affects the development of reproductive organs and manifests in a wide range of phenotypic presentations. The clinical diagnosis of this condition is challenging because of its atypical nature, and the variability of presentation in 46,XX OT-DSD cases makes it a complex issue in medical practice. We report a case of a 13-year-old boy who presented with left scrotal pain. Further exploration revealed a tunica rupture without testicular torsion of the left testis, whereas the histopathological analysis of a nodule excised from the right testis indicated the presence of ovotestis tissues. A second nonemergent surgery preserved the testicular tissues as the ovarian tissue in both gonads was excised. After 22 months of follow-up, the patient\'s testes produced normal testosterone levels sustained over time without any exogenous supplementation. This case reveals that, in male children who present with an acute scrotal disease as adolescents, the gonads should be retained until the etiology is confirmed, and the possibility of OT-DSD should be considered.

暂无摘要。

BACKGROUND: Liposarcoma (LPS) is a malignant mesenchymal tumor that mostly occurs in the extremities and retroperitoneum and rarely in the scrotum.
METHODS: In this case report, we introduced a patient who was diagnosed with LPS in the scrotum. In his right scrotum, we found a large soft tissue mass, including fat and calcification.
CONCLUSIONS: We reviewed the clinical, pathological and computed tomography (CT) features of patients diagnosed with LPS of the scrotum to help improve the understanding of the disease and the accuracy of diagnosis.