UNASSIGNED: The application of autologous fat transplantation in facial lesions of patients with localized scleroderma (LoS) has been reported in recent years.
UNASSIGNED: The authors report a case of worsening of active localized scleroderma after autologous fat transplantation.
UNASSIGNED: A man presented with neck and facial skin atrophy and pigmentation with a history of LoS. Appearing 1.5 years ago, the lesion had progressively grown in size and shape. Consent was obtained after the patient was informed of the possible surgical risks during the active phase of the disease. He underwent autologous fat grafting into the right cheek with about 30 ml Coleman fat graft.
UNASSIGNED: Skin dyspigmentation and atrophy progressively deteriorated 1 month into therapy, with slightly increased erythema and enlargement of the lesion. Six months after the therapy, the localized scleroderma-related score worsened.
UNASSIGNED: There are different factors, such as that systemic medications could affect the treatment of localized scleroderma by autologous fat transplantation. Meanwhile, considering the limitation of the 6-month follow-up period, obtaining long-term follow-up data is necessary to evaluate sustained outcomes and potential complications.
UNASSIGNED: More clinical research is needed to determine the time interval between disease inactivity and the application of any surgical procedures to avoid reactivation.

BACKGROUND: Acquired, bilateral nevus of Ota-like macules (ABNOM) is one of the most common dermal melanocytoses. Although there are some literatures on ABNOM, its clinical features and etiopathogenetic factors have not been fully understood.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence and characteristics of ABNOM among the Chinese patients.
METHODS: A survey was carried out using the clinical examination and a questionnaire on 3212 first-time outpatients in our dermatology department, and 102 cases of ABNOM were subsequently enrolled.
RESULTS: The outpatient prevalence of ABNOM was 3.18%, and the age of the onset was 27.2 years on average. They all presented as speckled macules on the face alone or coexisted with patchy lesions (17.7%) or a band-like pigmentation (1.0%). Unprecedentedly, we found the zygomatic arch, the infraorbital, the cheek and the parotid region can be involved, and 52.0% cases had sclera pigmentation. ABNOM commonly coexisted with the pigmented fungiform papillae of the tongue, the melasma, the acne, prementstrual syndrome (female) and breast cystic hyperplasia (female) with the rates of 33.3%, 20.6%, 26.5%, 47.0% and 43.0% separately. Triggering factors\' investigation disclosed screen irradiation (47.1%), pregnancy (32.0%), cosmetics (29.4%), sensitive skin (22.6%), and positive family histories (21.6%) were highly related.
CONCLUSIONS: Our study confirms that ABNOM is a relatively common disorder among adult Chinese\'s outpatients. It is commonly distributed over the malar, lateral forehead and temple\'s areas. The sclera pigmentation is another common finding that is overlooked in previous research. ABNOM is concomitant with melasma and some other disorders. Excessive sun exposure, hormonal disturbances and hereditary susceptibility are the main potential triggering factors of ABNOM.